Contribution of the antrum and duodenum to circulating forms of gastrin in the dog

Feurle, G; Menzel, J; Klempa, I

doi:10.1016/0167-0115(83)90304-x

Cited by 10 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Gastrin has been demonstrated in the duodenum of the human fetus from an early age (Track, Creutzfeldt, Litzenberger, Neuhoff, Arnold & Creuzfeldt, 1979) and in the duodenum of perinatal sheep (Lichtenberger, Crandell, Palma & Morriss, 1981). In the dog, the duodenum produces gastrin (Feurle, Menzel & Klempa, 1983), and following antrectomy, the proximal third of the canine duodenum shows an increase in the number of gastrinimmunoreactive cells, as well as increased tissue gastrin concentration (Brodin, Nilsson & Sundler, 1982).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Gastrin in the Development of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Fetal Sheep

et al. 1989

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We have investigated the role of gastrin in the development of the gastrointestinal tract during the latter part of gestation in fetal sheep. We surgically removed the major source of gastrin, the gastric (abomasal) antrum, from five fetuses at 90 days of gestation. The remaining abomasum was anastomosed to the pylorus allowing unobstructed flow of luminal contents. Another five fetuses, subjected to sham-antrectomies at 90 days, served as controls. Further surgery was performed in all fetuses at 120 days for the placement of vascular catheters to permit measurement of plasma gastrin concentrations. The fetuses were infused with [3H]thymidine to study villus cell migration rates. At 135 days of gestation samples of gastric (abomasal) fundus, and proximal and distal small intestine, were processed for histology and morphometric analysis. The antrectomized fetuses had significantly lowered plasma gastrin concentrations (P less than 0.025) between 120 and 135 days. At 135 days, the mean body weight, crown-rump length, total gut weight and small intestinal weight and length were not significantly different between the two groups. Similarly, there were no significant differences between groups in the mean thicknesses of the gut wall, mucosa and muscularis externa, or in the mean villus height and crypt depth in the proximal or distal parts of the small intestine. Villus cell migration rate in the proximal and distal small intestine was not affected by antrectomy. No simple relationship could be demonstrated between any of these parameters and plasma gastrin concentration. In the antrectomized fetuses, the mean crypt density and crypt-to-villus ratio were significantly reduced in the proximal small intestine (P less than 0.05), while only the density of villi was reduced in the distal small intestine (P less than 0.05). In the antrectomized fetuses there were significant correlations between plasma gastrin and the fraction of fundic mucosa occupied by gland and pit (P less than 0.005), and between plasma gastrin concentration and villus density (P less than 0.01) and crypt-to-villus ratio (P less than 0.025) in the proximal small intestine. In the sham group these correlations were absent. We conclude that the removal of the gastric antrum in fetal sheep results in decreased plasma gastrin concentration, and that gastrin appears to have a regulatory or trophic role on the gut mucosa in these circumstances.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Gastrin in the Development of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Fetal Sheep

et al. 1989

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Co-localization of xenopsin and gastrin immunoreactivity in gastric antral G-cells

1986

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Studies indicating evidence for the presence of the amphibian octapeptide xenopsin in gastric mucosa of mammals prompted us to investigate the cellular localization of this peptide. Using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method and a specific antiserum to xenopsin (Xen-7) on paraffin and adjacent semithin sections of gastric antral mucosa from man, dog, and Tupaia belangeri, we found numerous epithelial cells showing a specific positive immunoreaction. These cells were of typical pyramidal shape and could be classified as of the "open" type. Cell quantification in serial sections processed for xenopsin and gastrin immunoreactivity, respectively, revealed an identical number of cells per section and an identical distribution of these cells in the middle zone of the antral mucosa. Furthermore, adjacent semithin sections demonstrated the colocalization of xenopsin and gastrin immunoreactivity within the same G-cell. The xenopsin antiserum could be completely absorbed with synthetic xenopsin but not with gastrin. Preabsorption tests with neurotensin, a xenopsin related peptide, or with somatostatin, glucagon, and enkephalins gave no evidence for crossreactivity of the xenopsin antiserum with these peptides. It is concluded that gastric antral G-cells in addition to gastrin also contain the amphibian peptide xenopsin.

show abstract

G-cell hyperplasia in rats with pyloric stenosis

1988

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Since little is known about the pathophysiology of pyloric stenosis, we created a partial gastric outlet obstruction in 13 Wistar rats by placing a nonabsorbable ligature of defined size around the pylorus. Sham operations were performed in 10 rats. The animals from both groups were killed after four months. G-cell count and gastrin content were determined in 10 parallel strips, which were cut by razor blades mounted on a handle. Gastric size and weight as well as thickness of mucosal and muscular layers and serum gastrin concentration were also determined. Body weight of the animals with pyloric stenosis was lower and gastric weight higher than that of the controls. Furthermore, we found an enlarged G-cell area and G-cell hyperplasia, an increased surface area and thickness of the mucosal and muscular layers of the stomach, and in the majority of rats, elevated serum gastrin levels. Total G-cell count was 583,720 +/- 90,561 in the rats with pyloric stenosis and 385,775 +/- 15,820 (mean +/- SEM) in the control rats (P less than 0.04). We conclude that partial gastric outlet obstruction in rats leads to G-cell hyperplasia and that this experiment may serve as a model for pyloric stenosis in man.

show abstract

Contribution of the antrum and duodenum to circulating forms of gastrin in the dog

Cited by 10 publications

References 14 publications

The Role of Gastrin in the Development of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Fetal Sheep

The Role of Gastrin in the Development of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Fetal Sheep

Co-localization of xenopsin and gastrin immunoreactivity in gastric antral G-cells

G-cell hyperplasia in rats with pyloric stenosis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About