Contribution of the Chinese Meridian Project to space environment research: Highlights and perspectives

Wang, Chi; Xu, Jiyao; Liu, Libo; Xue, Xianghui; Zhang, Qing He; Hao, Yongqiang; Chen, Gang; Li, Hui; Li, Guozhu; Luo, Bingxian; Zhu, Yajun; Wang, Jiangyan

doi:10.1007/s11430-022-1043-3

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 76 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A combination of multiple types of observational technologies from equatorial to middle latitudes in East/ Southeast Asia were employed, including Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers, ionosondes, a phased-array very high frequency (VHF) radar, and a Low lAtitude long Range Ionospheric raDar (LARID) (Hu et al, 2024). These instruments are part of the Chinese Meridian Project Phase I (Wang, 2010) and Phase II (Wang et al, 2023), and the Ionospheric Observational Network for Irregularity and Scintillation in East/Southeast Asia (IONISE) (Li et al, 2019;Sun et al, 2020). Figure 1 gives an overview of the geographical distribution of all the instruments used in this study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional Ionospheric Super Bubble Induced by Significant Upward Plasma Drift During the 1 December 2023 Geomagnetic Storm

Sun,

Li,

Zhang

et al. 2024

JGR Space Physics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An unseasonal equatorial plasma bubble (EPB) event occurred in the East/Southeast Asian sector during the geomagnetic storm on 1 December 2023, causing strong amplitude scintillations from equatorial to middle latitudes. Based on the observations from multiple instruments over a large latitudinal and longitudinal region, the spatial features of the super EPB were investigated. The EPB developed vertically at a fast rising speed ∼470 m/s over the magnetic equator and extended to a very high middle latitude more than 40°N, despite that the storm intensity was not very strong with the minimum SYM‐H index −132 nT. In the zonal direction, the super EPB covered over a specific region ∼95–140°E, where the local sunset roughly coincided with southward turning of interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) Bz component. Before the onset of the super EPB, significant upward plasma drift up to ∼110 m/s was observed over the magnetic equator, which could amplify the growth rate of Rayleigh‐Taylor instability and lead to the generation of the super EPB. The significant drift was likely caused by eastward penetration electric field (PEF) due to sharp southward turning of IMF Bz. The local time of storm onset and duration of IMF Bz southward turning during the storm main phase may partly determine the onset region and zonal coverage of the EPB.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional Ionospheric Super Bubble Induced by Significant Upward Plasma Drift During the 1 December 2023 Geomagnetic Storm

Sun,

Li,

Zhang

et al. 2024

JGR Space Physics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In recent years, SuperDARN-like HF radars were proposed to be built at equatorial and low latitudes, for example, in Africa (Lawal et al, 2018;Michael et al, 2020) and in Asia (Li et al, 2021). In order to monitor the onset and evolution of EPBs over a wide longitude range in East and Southeast Asia, and to improve the prediction capability of EPB and its related ionospheric scintillations, we began to design and develop a HF phased array radar in 2018 that was supported by the Chinese Meridian Project phase II (Wang et al, 2023). The radar, which is named Low lAtitude long Range Ionospheric raDar (LARID), was installed at low latitude Dongfang (19.2°N,108.8°E,dip lat.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Low Latitude Long Range Ionospheric Radar for Observing Plasma Bubble Irregularities and Preliminary Results

Hu,

Li,

Ning

et al. 2024

JGR Space Physics

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Low lAtitude long Range Ionospheric raDar (LARID), which consists of two high frequency (HF) radars looking toward the east and west of Hainan Island, respectively, has been developed and installed at Dongfang (19.2°N, 108.8°E, dip lat. 13.8°N), China. This paper describes the system design of LARID and its first observational results of equatorial plasma bubble (EPB) irregularities. The antenna array of LARID is composed of a west‐looking array and an east‐looking array. Each array consists of 20 log‐periodic antennas for transmission and reception and 4 log‐periodic antennas for interferometry, and has a beam steering capability in the azimuth angles of ±24° due the boresight pointing east (or west). Observational results show that the LARID is capable of detecting backscatter echoes from EPB irregularities and the ground, with a distance of 4,000 km or more away from Hainan Island. Multiple EPB structures were continuously observed on 17 April 2023, with eastward drifts ranging between 70 and 130 m/s. Based on ray tracing simulations, the backscatter echoes of EPB irregularities were due to the 0.5‐hop and 1.5‐hop propagation modes. The distances between the successive EPB structures were estimated ranging between 500 and 900 km in longitude. The LARID observations, together with other instruments in the East and Southeast Asian sector, provided a clear picture of longitudinal variation of EPBs in 90–125°E. It is expected that the LARID will provide an important tool to study the generation and evolution of EPBs and their short‐term prediction in East and Southeast Asia.

show abstract

“…From 2012 to present, the CMP‐Phase I has been running for more than one solar cycle. Significant progress in the regional characteristics of the space environment, the propagation of space weather disturbances, and the coupling of matter and energy between different layers have been made by using data from the CMP‐Phase I (Wang et al., 2023). The second phase, CMP‐Phase II, began in 2019 and has been completed, forming a comprehensive solar‐terrestrial space environment monitoring network covering the Chinese Mainland and the polar regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

China's Ground‐Based Space Environment Monitoring Network—Chinese Meridian Project (CMP)

Wang,

Xu,

Chen

et al. 2024

Space Weather

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Monitoring and investigation of the solar‐terrestrial space environment is a huge challenge for humans in space age. To this end, China has established the Ground‐based Space Environment Monitoring Network, namely Chinese Meridian Project (CMP). The project comprises three major systems: the Space Environment Monitoring System, Data and Communication System, and Scientific Application System. The Space Environment Monitoring System adopts a well‐designed monitoring architecture, known as “One Chain, Three Networks, and Four Focuses,” to achieve stereoscopic and comprehensive monitoring of the entire solar‐terrestrial space. The “One‐Chain” component utilizes optical, radio, interplanetary scintillation, cosmic ray instruments to cover the causal chain of space weather disturbances from the solar surface to near‐Earth space. For the ionosphere, middle and upper atmosphere, and magnetic field, instruments are deployed along longitudes of 120° and 100°E, and latitudes of 30° and 40°N, forming the “Three Networks.” Furthermore, more powerful monitoring facilities or large‐scale instruments have been deployed in four key regions: the high‐latitude polar region, mid‐latitude region in northern China, low‐latitude region at Hainan Island, and the Tibet region. These four regions are crucial for disturbances propagation and evolution, or possess unique geographical and topographical characteristics. The Data and Communication System and Scientific Application System are designed for data collecting, processing, storage, mining, and providing user service based on data acquired by the Space Environment Monitoring System. The data obtained by CMP will be shared with the global scientific community, facilitating enhanced collaboration on space weather and space physics research.

show abstract

Contribution of the Chinese Meridian Project to space environment research: Highlights and perspectives

Cited by 9 publications

References 76 publications

Regional Ionospheric Super Bubble Induced by Significant Upward Plasma Drift During the 1 December 2023 Geomagnetic Storm

Regional Ionospheric Super Bubble Induced by Significant Upward Plasma Drift During the 1 December 2023 Geomagnetic Storm

Development of Low Latitude Long Range Ionospheric Radar for Observing Plasma Bubble Irregularities and Preliminary Results

China's Ground‐Based Space Environment Monitoring Network—Chinese Meridian Project (CMP)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About