Contribution of the chiral vortical effect to the evolution of the hypermagnetic field and the matter-antimatter asymmetry in the early Universe

Abstract

In this paper, we study the contribution of the chiral vortical effect, in addition to that of the chiral magnetic effect, to the evolution of the hypermagnetic field and the matter-antimatter asymmetry in the symmetric phase of the early Universe in the temperature range 100GeV ≤ T ≤ 10TeV. We choose a fully helical Chern-Simons wave configuration for the velocity and the hypermagnetic vector potential fields. The latter makes the plasma force-free in the absence of viscosity. We show that the most pronounced effect of the chiral vorticity is the production and initial growth of the hypermagnetic field. In particular, we show that in the presence of a non-zero matter asymmetry, the hypermagnetic field can grow from zero initial value only in the presence of a non-zero vorticity field. Moreover, we show that this initial growth not only increases the maximum value of the hypermagnetic field, but also causes the saturation of the hypermagnetic field and the conversion of the lepton-baryon asymmetry to occur more quickly, i.e., at a higher temperature. We show that the damping of the vorticity due to the presence of viscosity, which typically occurs extremely rapidly, does not significantly affect the evolution. * s − abbasluo@sbu.ac.ir

The generation of matter–antimatter asymmetries and hypermagnetic fields by the chiral vortical effect of transient fluctuations

“…In this section, the anomalous magnetohydrodynamics (AMHD) equations are obtained in the Landau-Lifshitz frame in the symmetric phase of the expanding Universe. Taking the CVE and the CME into account, the Maxwell's equations for the hypercharge-neutral plasma in the expanding Universe are given as [3,20,[49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56]…”

“…Let us make the same assumptions as in our previous studies, and simplify c v and c B accordingly [18,20]. We assume that all quark Yukawa processes are in equilibrium and, because of the flavor mixing in the quark sector, all up or down quarks belonging to different generations with distinct handedness have the same chemical potential [18,57,58].…”

“…Observations clearly show that our Universe is magnetized on all scales [22,23]. Various models have been proposed to explain the origin of these magnetic fields [20,[24][25][26][27][28][29][30], among which the one relying on the electroweak Abelian anomaly has attracted much attention and has been considerably investigated [17][18][19]31]. There exists a relationship between the generation and the evolution of the hypermagnetic fields and the fermion number densities in this model, which is due to the chiral coupling of the hypercharge gauge fields to the fermions before the EWPT [27].…”

“…1 Later, we will present the correct form of the chiral magnetic current, in the symmetric phase. The chiral magnetic current originating from the electroweak Abelian anomaly, and the chiral vortical current are both non-dissipative currents which can strongly affect the generation and the evolution of the magnetic fields and the matter-antimatter asymmetries in the early Universe [17][18][19][20][21].…”

Anomalous currents and constitutive relations of a chiral hadronic superfluid

“…These novel class of transport phenomena include the chiral magnetic [9,10] and electric [11] effects, as well as the chiral vortical effect [12] (see also [13,14] for dedicated reviews). They are of physical relevance in various physical setups, including heavy ion collisions [15][16][17][18] as well as astrophysics and cosmology [19][20][21][22][23].…”