Contribution of Volatile Organic Compounds to Nigeria's Airshed by Petroleum Refineries

Sonibare, Jacob Ademola; Akeredolu, F.A.; Obanijesu, Emmanuel; Adebiyi, F. M.

doi:10.1080/10916460500295397

Cited by 23 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In the contaminant plume generated by the burning of MSW, many organic pollutants experience varying degrees of activity after they have been released into the atmosphere, and consequently, become fractionated with distance from the source (Gouin, Mackay, Jones, Harner, & Meijer, ). Diffusion and advection of organic pollutants away from the source can create environmental problems in their surroundings (Sonibare, Akeredolu, Obanijesu, & Adebiyi, ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban air pollution from the open burning of municipal solid waste

Okedere

Olalekan

Fakinle

et al. 2019

Environmental Quality Management

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This study estimates the contribution from the open burning of municipal wastes in some of Nigeria's major cities to atmospheric levels of air pollutants. Information obtained on open burning emission factors and municipal solid waste (MSW) generation estimates was combined to estimate annual levels of the pollutants from the open burning of MSW. Per capita distributions of pollutants were calculated on the basis of cities’ populations. The estimates of inorganic emissions across the cities studied were from 913.73 to 81,600 tons per year (TPY) of particulate matter; 4,797 to 428,400 TPY of oxides of nitrogen; 342.65 to 30,600; and 57 to 5,100 TPY of sulfur dioxide, while the estimates for methane ranged from 742 to 66,300 TPY and for other nonmethane organic compounds ranged from 1,713 to 153,000 TPY. Given the composition of MSW in these cities, the nonmethane organic compounds are likely to be composed of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and volatile organic compounds. Given the wide varieties of both inorganic and organic air pollutants released during the open burning of MSW and the associated human health and environmental impacts, it is high time that stakeholders at all levels of government came up with policies and regulatory measures for the management of MSW in the country.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban air pollution from the open burning of municipal solid waste

Okedere

Olalekan

Fakinle

et al. 2019

Environmental Quality Management

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“…In the plume many organic pollutants experience varying degrees of "hoping" during their environmental journey and consequently become fractionated with distance from the source (Gouin et al, 2004). There is also the possibility of both diffusion and advection away from the source, thus creating environmental problems in their surroundings (Sonibare et al, 2007). To investigate the impacts of the hydrocarbons emitted by the factory on the host air shed, Nigeria's ambient HC standard for 24-hr averaging period was used as the basis for impact assessment.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ground level concentrations of hydrocarbon emissions from diesel fuelled electric power generators

2015

Global NEST Journal

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ISC-Aermod view dispersion model has been used to study the ground level concentration of hydrocarbon (HC). The purpose was to predict the air quality effects from off-grid diesel power generators operated by a textile factory in Lagos, Nigeria on its host airshed. Emissions from 22 point sources in 5 sections of the factory were considered with 6 different scenarios. 4 years of hourly meteorological observations were used for the investigation of dispersion. The model output showed the highest value of maximum ground level concentration at 90 m south east of the factory. The predicted impact using the worst case scenario showed that the ambient HC of the host air shed will change by 0.01-0.05% of Nigeria's Federal Ministry of Environment (FMENV) standard. HC emissions from factory will not significantly affect the host air shed as the maximum concentrations from the worst case scenario were still lower than the national standard. However, since emissions from other factories will also be released into the same host environment, an integrated approach factoring the contributions from other factories should be employed in host air quality management.

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“…In the distillation process, fractions get separated in increasing order of boiling points. The top products (highly volatile) get condensed in a reflux condenser with some portion of condensed fractions going back as reflux (Sonibare et al, 2007). Several other processes are required for the crude oil to be finally converted into the final products of different fractions.…”

Section: Petroleum Refineries and Air Emission Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…International Monetary Fund (IMF) establishes that oil and natural gas export revenue account for 96% of total revenue in 2012, also it has been estimated that demand and consumption of petroleum in Nigeria grows at the rate of 12.8% annually, however, petroleum products are unavailable and expensive because a significant percentage of required petroleum products are imported while limited quantity is supplied to the nation due to instability in price and scarcity of the products. In view of this, it is necessary for the country to develop her refining potential (Sonibare et al, 2007). One of the strategies developed in Nigeria to increase her refining potential includes approval of more refineries to complement the existing ailing four state-owned refineries, which despite having a combine production capacity of 445,000 barrels per day (bpd), remain unable to meet the nation's petroleum products demand.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Impact Analysis of the Emission from Petroleum Refineries in Nigeria

Oladimeji¹,

Sonibare²,

Odunfa³

et al. 2015

EER

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Health and environmental hazards, a thing of global concern have been the major characteristics of the petroleum refinery areas worldwide, Nigeria inclusive. This is as a result of the emissions from petroleum refineries which resulted into air quality degradation of the host environment. This problem which has equally affected the climatic conditions of the petroleum producing areas is more pronounced in Nigeria due to lack of implementing adequate policies to protect the host environment. This study is carried out to investigate the atmospheric conditions of the petroleum refineries and identify the environmental impact of emissions of criteria pollutants from the proposed project in the area of influence. Emission inventory of criteria pollutants was carried out on the four existing and twenty-three proposed petroleum refineries in Nigeria. Using no control-measure option, the estimated annual criteria air pollutants emissions from point sources in the existing refineries are 1,217 tons/annum for PM 10, 45,124 tons/annum for SO 2 , 167,570 tons/annum for NO x, 3,842 tons/annum for VOC and 242,469 tons/annum for CO. An additional 1,082 tons/annum of PM 10, 168,944 tons/annum of SO 2 , 688,687 tons/annum of NO x, 9,122 tons/annum of VOC and 569,975 tons/annum of CO were predicted to be added into the Nigeria airshed by the proposed petroleum refineries. The highest pollutant emitting state was predicted to be Rivers State with the highest number of refineries while the least pollutant emitting states were predicted to be Kaduna, Edo, Lagos and Anambra States with only one refinery in each of the state. The ability to adopt appropriate control measures will determine the rate of emission of criteria pollutants released into the country's airshed.

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Contribution of Volatile Organic Compounds to Nigeria's Airshed by Petroleum Refineries

Cited by 23 publications

References 20 publications

Urban air pollution from the open burning of municipal solid waste

Urban air pollution from the open burning of municipal solid waste

Ground level concentrations of hydrocarbon emissions from diesel fuelled electric power generators

Environmental Impact Analysis of the Emission from Petroleum Refineries in Nigeria

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