A total of 606 species and five subspecific taxa of lichens and allied fungi are documented from Belarus based on combined historical (pre-1980) and modern (post-1980) records. Of these, 50 (8.3%) are represented by only historical reports, 235 (38.8%) are represented by only modern vouchers, and 310 (51.296) are represented by both historical and modern records. Eleven species are known only from generalized published reports that lacked specific location data. Eighty-eight species are excluded as erroneous reports, or considered as doubtful records.