Contributions to the cytology of endosperm in some angiosperms

Kapoor, B. M.; Tandon, S. K.

doi:10.1007/bf01664183

Cited by 23 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Some other numbers reported by Flory (in Flagg, l. c.) are 2n=49, 46-54. Kapoor and Tandon (1963) reported 2n=24 and 36, while Nagao and Takusagawa (1932) ob served 2n=46 in this species. The present report of 2n=38 in Z. candida is in conformity with that of Inariyama (1937), Sato (1938), andYokouchi (1963).…”

Section: Amaryllidaceaementioning

confidence: 55%

Cytological Observations on some W. Himalayan Monocots

Mehra

Sachdeva

1976

CYTOLOGIA

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Section: Amaryllidaceaementioning

confidence: 55%

Cytological Observations on some W. Himalayan Monocots

Mehra

Sachdeva

1976

CYTOLOGIA

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“…According to them this may increase the surface area of nuclei and thereby enhance nucleo-cytoplasmic interactions. Such nuclei have been reported in the endosperm of many plants (Kapoor 1963, Abraham et al 1965, 1966, Varghese 1971. Some of these authors have cited this as a symptom of endosperm degeneration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…The same mechanism may also lead to aneuploidy which is often found in the endosperm of Borassus. Aneu ploidy has been reported in the endosperm of a wide variety of plants (Straus 1954, Kapoor 1963, Abraham et al 1965, 1966 and this has been attributed to multipolar mitoses and laggards. Multipolar mitoses were also observed in the endosperm under the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Trad O2) and Chlorophytum laxum studied by the author (unpublished). Levan and Hauschka (1953) in the endosperm of a number of angiosperms (Geitler 1948, 1955, Steffen 1956, Jenschke 1959, Kapoor 1963, Nagl 1970a). The same phenomenon has been recorded in tapetum (Meyer 1925, Brown 1949) and suspensor (Jenschke 1959, Nagl 1962) of plants, salivary gland cells of diptera (Beermann 1952, White 1954 and in cancer cells (Levan and Hauschka 1953).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cytological Investigations on the Endosperm of <i>Borassus flabellifer</i> Linn

Stephen

1974

CYTOLOGIA

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The endosperm serves as the main source of nutrition for the developing embryo and its failure results in the abortion of embryo and consequently low fertility. Economically, the tissue is of great importance since it is the store house of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and growth regulating substances. Although much work has been done on the morphology and physiology of this tissue in a number of angiosperms, the record of cytological investigations on this is relatively meagre. The very interesting findings made on the cytology of coconut endo sperm in this laboratory (Abraham 1963, Abrahm and Mathew 1963, Abraham , Ninan and Gopinath 1965, 1966) gave inspiration to inquire into the cytological situations in the endosperm of allied genera. The observations made on the cytology of the endosperm in Palmyrah palm (Borassus flabellifer Linn.) are presented in this paper. Material and methodsThe endosperm for the present work was collected from palmyrah palms from a few localities in Trivandrum District. Endosperm at various stages of develop ment was fixed in Carnoy's fluid in the noon hours and after a few changes of fixative acetocarmine smears were made.The liquid endosperm found in the central cavity of the developing seeds was sucked out using hypodermic needle and to it was added Carnoy's fluid and then it was subjected to centrifugation at 250rpm for two hours. The sediment was again fixed in Carnoy's fluid and acetocarmine smears were made.In order to study the development of the endosperm 1 to 20 week old intact seeds were fixed in F . A. A. and microtome sections were made by the usual paraffin method. The slides were stained with iron haematoxylin and fast green.To ascertain the chromosome number of Borassus flabellifer Linn. growing em bryos from 4 to 5 month old nuts were fixed in Carnoy's fluid in the noon hours and acetocarmine smears were made. ObservationsThe chromosome number of the species was ascertained as 2n (2x)=36 (Fig. 1). The earliest recognizable stage in endosperm development is the occurrence of

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“…The chromosome numbers in root tip cells were confirmed, and an aneuploid (2n = 6x + 1 = 55) plant was also detected. Cytological observations of Zephyranthes grandiflora (Kapoor and Tandon 1963) and Chrysanthemum carinatum (Kapoor and Tandon 1964) revealed that in general endosperms were triploid, but that nuclei with higher polyploidy and with aneuploidy also occurred in a small number of cells. It is likely that the aneuploid plantlet regenerated from the endosperm culture is derived from aneuploid cells present in the haskap endosperm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Plant regeneration with maintenance of the endosperm ploidy level by endosperm culture in Lonicera caerulea var. emphyllocalyx

Miyashita

Ohashi

Shibata

et al. 2009

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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An endosperm culture of Haskap (Lonicera caerulea var. emphyllocalyx) was established to develop polyploid plants and investigate the regeneration ability of the endosperm. Based on histological analysis of embryo and endosperm development, endosperms at the globular to early torpedo-stages of developing embryos were used to initiate an endosperm culture.Formation of shoot primordia was observed on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium (1962) containing benzyladenine (BA) and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). Shoot primordium formation was confirmed in some genotypes with regeneration frequencies ranging between 1.9% to 10.0%. These proliferated on ½ MS medium containing 2.89 μM gibberellic acid (GA 3 ), and then elongated and rooted on MS medium containing 0.44 μM BA and 2.89 μM GA 3 . These shoots developed into plantlets on ½ MS medium. Plantlets maintained ploidy of the 2 endosperm following flow cytometric analysis, thus confirming that these were derived from the endosperm. These results indicated that endosperms were capable of regeneration.

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Contributions to the cytology of endosperm in some angiosperms

Cited by 23 publications

References 18 publications

Cytological Observations on some W. Himalayan Monocots

Cytological Observations on some W. Himalayan Monocots

Cytological Investigations on the Endosperm of <i>Borassus flabellifer</i> Linn

Plant regeneration with maintenance of the endosperm ploidy level by endosperm culture in Lonicera caerulea var. emphyllocalyx

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