Contributors to Volume 1

Aggett, Peter; Ahnen, Rylee T.; Aydemir, Tolunay Beker; Bailey, Lynn B.; Bettendorff, Lucien; Blaner, William S.; Borum, Peggy R.; Bruno, Richard S.; Calder, Philip C.; Caudill, Marie A.; Cheuvront, Samuel N.; Coates, Paul M.; Collins, J. Franklin; Costello, Rebecca B.; Silva, Vanessa R. da; Diamond, Alan M.; Ferland, Guylaine; Fleet, James C.; Fukagawa, Naomi K.; Gregory, Jesse F.; Gutiérrez, Orlando M.; Haggans, Carol J.; Hong, Lenny; Johnson, Ian T.; Johnston, Carol S.; Jones, P. J.; Kenefick, Robert W.; Kirkland, James B.; Leone, Vanessa; Lichtenstein, Alice H.; Auley, Mark T. Mc; McCormick, Donald B.; Merrill, Alfred H.; Miller, Joshua W.; Montain, Scott J.; Mottet, Rachel; Nielsen, Forrest H.; Omolo, Morrine; Penberthy, W. Todd; Pierre, Joseph F.; Preuss, Harry G.; Rosanoff, A.; Rucker, Robert B.; Ryu, Moon-Suhn; Sadri, Mahrou; Sawka, Michael N.; Shapses, Sue; Slavin, Joanne L.; Stabler, Sally P.; Thomas, Paul; Traber, Maret G.; Trujillo-Gonzalez, Isis; Vincent, John B.; Lintig, Johannes von; Weaver, Connie M.; West, Allyson A.; Williamson, Gary; Yaqoob, Parveen; Yu, Yong‐Ming; Zeisel, Steven H.; Zempleni, Janos; Zimmermann, Michael

doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-66162-1.01002-7

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 0 publications

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“…Omega-3s, integral components of cell membrane phospholipids, fulfill crucial functions in the body [58]. They, polyunsaturated FAs (which include omega-3 and omega-6 FAs), not only serve as an energy source but also contribute to the formation of eicosanoids, exerting diverse effects on the cardiovascular, pulmonary, immune, and endocrine systems [59,60]. Omega-3 FAs are especially valued since the ratio of omega-3 to -6 in the Western diet is particularly inappropriate (15/1-16.7/1), and it promotes the pathogenesis of many diseases, such as cardiovascular, cancer, inflammatory, and autoimmune diseases [61] (recommended 4:1) [62].…”

Section: Fatty Acid Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Composition and Safety Parameters of Mealworms (Tenebrio molitor) Reared on Substrates Derived from By-Products

Jankauskienė,

Aleknavičius,

Andrulevičiūtė

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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Mealworms provide a viable option for transforming agricultural and food processing by-products that can be converted into a valuable source of high-quality protein and fat suitable for both animals and humans. Hence, our investigation was aimed at employing sprouted and green potatoes, wheat bran, and by-products from brewers’ production as a comprehensive substrate for rearing mealworms. The nutritional value (fat and protein content) and composition of amino acids (AAs) and fatty acids (FAs) were tested in lyophilized and milled larvae. The results showed that the highest amount of protein was detected in sample 3L (59.18 ± 007%), grown on brewers’ spent grain, whereas sample 2S (with wheat bran) comes out with the highest fat content (34.22 ± 0.491%). It was found that the amount of FAs in the larvae depended on the substrate used: the statistically highest amount of monounsaturated FAs was detected in the sample with sprouted potatoes (1L), the highest content of omega-3 FAs was found in the control sample (4CL), with agar–agar gels, and the sample with brewers spent grains (3L) showed a statistically higher amount of oleic acid. Meanwhile, the highest content of total polyunsaturated FAs (36.23%) was detected in the sample with wheat bran (2L). During the study, 16 distinct AAs have been analyzed, and sample 3L has demonstrated the highest content in 11 instances. It is noteworthy that the sample containing brewers’ spent grain exhibited the highest peroxide levels, indicating oxidation. Meanwhile, the determined number of volatile fatty acids did not exceed the regulatory limits for meat. In summary, it can be asserted that adjusting the substrate is essential for extracting specific amino acids and FAs. However, this could potentially affect the content of peroxides. This adaptation enables the desired chemical composition in larvae, making it suitable for specific purposes such as animal or human nutrition and health enhancement.

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Section: Fatty Acid Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Composition and Safety Parameters of Mealworms (Tenebrio molitor) Reared on Substrates Derived from By-Products

Jankauskienė,

Aleknavičius,

Andrulevičiūtė

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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One-carbon metabolite supplementation to heifers for the first 14 d of the estrous cycle alters the plasma and hepatic one-carbon metabolite pool and methionine-folate cycle enzyme transcript abundance in a dose-dependent manner

Crouse

Freetly

Lindholm‐Perry

et al. 2022

Journal of Animal Science

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The objective of this study was to determine the dose of folate and vitamin B12 in beef heifers fed rumen protected methionine and choline required to maintain increased B12 levels and intermediates of the methionine-folate cycle in circulation. Angus heifers (n = 30; BW = 392.6 ± 12.6 kg) were individually fed and assigned to one of five treatments: 0XNEG: Total mixed ration (TMR) and saline injections at d 0 and 7 of the estrous cycle, 0XPOS: TMR, rumen protected methionine (MET) fed at 0.08% of the diet DM, rumen protected choline (CHOL) fed at 60 g/d, and saline injections at d 0 and 7, 0.5X: TMR, MET, CHOL, 5 mg B12, and 80 mg folate at d 0 and 7, 1X: TMR, MET CHOL, 10 mg vitamin B12, and 160 mg folate at d 0 and 7, and 2X: TMR, MET, CHOL, 20 mg B12, and 320 mg folate at d 0 and 7. All heifers were estrus synchronized but not bred, and blood was collected on d 0, 2, 5, 7, 9, 12, and 14 of a synchronized estrous cycle. Heifers were slaughtered on d 14 of the estrous cycle for liver collection. Serum B12 concentrations were greater in the 0.5X, 1X, and 2X, compared with 0XNEG and 0XPOS on all days after treatment initiation (P < 0.0001). Serum folate concentrations were greater for the 2X treatment at d 5, 7, and 9 of the cycle compared with all other treatments (P ≤ 0.05). There were no differences (P ≥ 0.19) in hepatic methionine-cycle or choline analyte concentrations by treatment. Concentrations of hepatic folate cycle intermediates were always greater (P ≤ 0.04) in the 2X treatment compared with the 0XNEG and 0XPOS heifers. Serum methionine was greater (P = 0.04) in the 0.5X and 2X heifers compared with 0XNEG, and S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) tended (P = 0.06) to be greater in the 0.5X heifers and the S-adenosylmethionine (SAM):SAH ratio was decreased (P = 0.05) in the 0.5X treatment compared with the 0XNEG, 0XPOS, and 2X heifers. The hepatic transcript abundance of MAT2A and MAT2B were decreased (P ≤ 0.02) in the 0.5X heifers compared with the 0XNEG, 0XPOS, and 2X heifers. These data support that beef heifers fed rumen protected methionine and choline require 20 mg B12 and 320 mg folate once weekly to maintain increased concentrations of B12 and folate in serum. Furthermore, these data demonstrate that not all supplementation levels are equal in providing positive responses, and that some levels, such as the 0.5X, may result in a stoichiometric imbalance in the one-carbon metabolism pathway that results in a decreased SAM:SAH ratio.

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Contributors to Volume 1

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Nutritional Composition and Safety Parameters of Mealworms (Tenebrio molitor) Reared on Substrates Derived from By-Products

Nutritional Composition and Safety Parameters of Mealworms (Tenebrio molitor) Reared on Substrates Derived from By-Products

One-carbon metabolite supplementation to heifers for the first 14 d of the estrous cycle alters the plasma and hepatic one-carbon metabolite pool and methionine-folate cycle enzyme transcript abundance in a dose-dependent manner

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