Contriving Multi-Epitope Subunit of Vaccine for COVID-19: Immunoinformatics Approaches

Dong, Rong; Chu, Zhugang; Yu, Fangfang; Zha, Yan

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.01784

Cited by 161 publications

(160 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…Apart from this, β-defensin interact with the immune receptors such as TLRs or CCR6 and induces innate and adaptive immune responses (Lei et al., 2019 ). It is used as an adjuvant in the construction of several vaccines by Immunoinformatics approach (Ali et al., 2017 ; Bhatnager et al., 2020 ; Dong et al., 2020 ; Narula et al., 2018 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Apart from this, b-defensin interact with the immune receptors such as TLRs or CCR6 and induces innate and adaptive immune responses (Lei et al, 2019). It is used as an adjuvant in the construction of several vaccines by Immunoinformatics approach (Ali et al, 2017;Bhatnager et al, 2020;Dong et al, 2020;Narula et al, 2018). Apart from b-defensin, PADRE (pan DR epitope) sequence was also included in the vaccine construct to increase the immunogenicity of the vaccine construct as well as to enhance the T-cell help (Alexander et al, 2000;Sarkar et al, 2020;Wu et al, 2010).…”

Section: Design Of Vaccine Constructmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The whole genome sequence of the SARS-CoV2 is made available in the public domain by next generation sequencing. This enabled the design of several multi-epitope in silico vaccine candidates targeting different structural and nonstructural proteins of the SARS-CoV2 (Bhatnager et al, 2020;Bhattacharya et al, 2020;Devi & Chaitanya, 2020;Dong et al, 2020;Enayatkhani et al, 2020;Kar et al, 2020;Lizbeth et al, 2020;Peele et al, 2020;Samad et al, 2020). In the present study, we aimed to design a novel multi-epitope vaccine targeting membrane glycoprotein by immunoinformatics approach.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design of a multi-epitope-based vaccine targeting M-protein of SARS-CoV2: an immunoinformatics approach

Ayyagari

Venkateswarulu

et al. 2020

Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics

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In the present study, one of the targets present on the envelopes of coronaviruses, membrane glycoprotein (M) was chosen for the design of a multi-epitope vaccine by Immunoinformatics approach. The B-cell and T-cell epitopes used for the construction of vaccine were antigenic, nonallergic and nontoxic. An adjuvant, b-defensin and PADRE sequence were included at the N-terminal end of the vaccine. All the epitopes were joined by linkers for decreasing the junctional immunogenicity. Various physicochemical parameters of the vaccine were evaluated. Secondary and tertiary structures were predicted for the vaccine construct. The tertiary structure was further refined, and various parameters related to the refinement of the protein structure were validated by using different tools. Humoral immunity induced by B-cells relies upon the identification of antigenic determinants on the surface of the vaccine construct. In this regard, the vaccine construct was found to consist of several B-cell epitopes in its three-dimensional conformation. Molecular docking of the vaccine was carried out with TLR-3 receptor to study their binding and its strength. Further, protein-protein interactions in the docked complex were visualized using LigPlotþ. Population coverage analysis had shown that the multi-epitope vaccine covers 94.06% of the global population. The vaccine construct was successfully cloned in silico into pET-28a (þ). Immune simulation studies showed the induction of primary, secondary and tertiary immune responses marked by the increased levels of antibodies, INF-c, IL-2, TGF-b, B-cells, CD4þ and CD8þ cells. Finally, the vaccine construct was able to elicit immune response as desired.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Design Of Vaccine Constructmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design of a multi-epitope-based vaccine targeting M-protein of SARS-CoV2: an immunoinformatics approach

Ayyagari

Venkateswarulu

et al. 2020

Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics

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“…Effective preventive approaches are urgent needs at the current situation. Potent epitopic vaccines predicted by bioinformatic analysis makes the vaccine design straightforward and fast compared to traditional vaccine approaches, which has been used in COVID-19 vaccine design recently [ 35 , 63 – 65 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioinformatics Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 to Approach an Effective Vaccine Candidate Against COVID-19

et al. 2021

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The emerging Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has posed a serious threat to the public health worldwide, demanding urgent vaccine provide. According to the virus feature as an RNA virus, a high rate of mutations imposes some vaccine design difficulties. Bioinformatics tools have been widely used to make advantage of conserved regions as well as immunogenicity. In this study, we aimed at immunoinformatic evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 proteins conservancy and immunogenicity to design a preventive vaccine candidate. Spike, Membrane and Nucleocapsid amino acid sequences were obtained, and four possible fusion proteins were assessed and compared in terms of structural features and immunogenicity, and population coverage. MHC-I and MHC-II T-cell epitopes, the linear and conformational B-cell epitopes were evaluated. Among the predicted models, the truncated form of Spike in fusion with M and N protein applying AAY linker has high rate of MHC-I and MCH-II epitopes with high antigenicity and acceptable population coverage of 82.95% in Iran and 92.51% in Europe. The in silico study provided truncated Spike-M-N SARS-CoV-2 as a potential preventive vaccine candidate for further in vivo evaluation.

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“…In addition, structural proteins (surface glycoprotein, envelope protein, and membrane glycoprotein) of SARS-CoV-2 were selected from GenBank, and several immunoinformatics coupled with computational approaches were employed to forecast B- and T-cell epitopes from the SARS-CoV-2 highly antigenic structural proteins to design an effective MESV (Tahir ul Qamar et al, 2020b ). Another study to design a multiepitope vaccine, retrieving 27 reference sequences of SARS-CoV-2 proteins from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Protein Database ( https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein ), selecting proteins with ≥100aa and an antigenic score of ≥0.5 for further structural modeling (Dong R. et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: In Silico Medicinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Revisit to the Research Updates of Drugs, Vaccines, and Bioinformatics Approaches in Combating COVID-19 Pandemic

Sumon

Hussain

Hasan

et al. 2021

Front. Mol. Biosci.

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A new strain of coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) responsible for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was first detected in the city of Wuhan in Hubei province, China in late December 2019. To date, more than 1 million deaths and nearly 57 million confirmed cases have been recorded across 220 countries due to COVID-19, which is the greatest threat to global public health in our time. Although SARS-CoV-2 is genetically similar to other coronaviruses, i.e., SARS and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), no confirmed therapeutics are yet available against COVID-19, and governments, scientists, and pharmaceutical companies worldwide are working together in search for effective drugs and vaccines. Repurposing of relevant therapies, developing vaccines, and using bioinformatics to identify potential drug targets are strongly in focus to combat COVID-19. This review deals with the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and its clinical symptoms in humans including the most recent updates on candidate drugs and vaccines. Potential drugs (remdesivir, hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, dexamethasone) and vaccines [mRNA-1273; measles, mumps and rubella (MMR), bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG)] in human clinical trials are discussed with their composition, dosage, mode of action, and possible release dates according to the trial register of US National Library of Medicines (clinicaltrials.gov), European Union (clinicaltrialsregister.eu), and Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (chictr.org.cn) website. Moreover, recent reports on in silico approaches like molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, network-based identification, and homology modeling are included, toward repurposing strategies for the use of already approved drugs against newly emerged pathogens. Limitations of effectiveness, side effects, and safety issues of each approach are also highlighted. This review should be useful for the researchers working to find out an effective strategy for defeating SARS-CoV-2.

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Contriving Multi-Epitope Subunit of Vaccine for COVID-19: Immunoinformatics Approaches

Cited by 161 publications

References 81 publications

Design of a multi-epitope-based vaccine targeting M-protein of SARS-CoV2: an immunoinformatics approach

Design of a multi-epitope-based vaccine targeting M-protein of SARS-CoV2: an immunoinformatics approach

Bioinformatics Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 to Approach an Effective Vaccine Candidate Against COVID-19

A Revisit to the Research Updates of Drugs, Vaccines, and Bioinformatics Approaches in Combating COVID-19 Pandemic

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