Control and local measurement of the spin chemical potential in a magnetic insulator

Du, Chunhui; Sar, Toeno van der; Zhou, Tony; Upadhyaya, Pramey; Casola, Francesco; Zhang, Huiliang; Onbaşlı, Mehmet C.; Ross, Caroline A.; Walsworth, Ronald L.; Tserkovnyak, Yaroslav; Yacoby, Amir

doi:10.1126/science.aak9611

Cited by 270 publications

(313 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…For this purpose, it is of fundamental interest to develop a better understanding of magnon transport in magnetic insulators [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. Analogous to the Aharonov-Bohm [26][27][28] (AB) effect of charged particles in magnetic fields, a magnetic dipole moving in electric fields acquires a geometric phase called the Aharonov-Casher [29,30] (AC) phase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnonic quantum Hall effect and Wiedemann-Franz law

2017

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We present a quantum Hall effect of magnons in two-dimensional clean insulating magnets at finite temperature. Through the Aharonov-Casher effect, a magnon moving in an electric field acquires a geometric phase and forms Landau levels in an electric field gradient of sawtooth form. At low temperatures, the lowest energy band being almost flat carries a Chern number associated with a Berry curvature. Appropriately defining the thermal conductance for bosons, we find that the magnon Hall conductances get quantized and show a universal thermomagnetic behavior, i.e., are independent of materials, and obey a Wiedemann-Franz law for magnon transport. We consider magnons with quadratic and linear (Dirac-like) dispersions. Finally, we show that our predictions are within experimental reach for ferromagnets and skyrmion lattices with current device and measurement techniques.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnonic quantum Hall effect and Wiedemann-Franz law

2017

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“…The applied temperature gradient ∂ x T induces a magnonic spin current for each magnon (σ =↑, ↓), j xσ = −L 12σ ∂ x T /T , which leads to an accumulation of each magnon at the boundaries and thereby builds up a non-uniform magnetization since two magnon modes are decoupled and do not interfere with each other in the AF. This generates an intrinsic magnetization gradient [71][72][73][78][79][80] …”

Section: B Thermomagnetic Relationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…II, the offdiagonal elements 76,77 similarly arise from the magnon counter-current by the thermally-induced magnetization gradient [71][72][73][78][79][80] …”

Section: Hall Conductances Of Magnonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnonic topological insulators in antiferromagnets

et al. 2017

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Extending the notion of symmetry protected topological phases to insulating antiferromagnets (AFs) described in terms of opposite magnetic dipole moments associated with the magnetic Néel order, we establish a bosonic counterpart of topological insulators in semiconductors. Making use of the Aharonov-Casher effect, induced by electric field gradients, we propose a magnonic analog of the quantum spin Hall effect (magnonic QSHE) for edge states that carry helical magnons. We show that such up and down magnons form the same Landau levels and perform cyclotron motion with the same frequency but propagate in opposite direction. The insulating AF becomes characterized by a topological Z2 number consisting of the Chern integer associated with each helical magnon edge state. Focusing on the topological Hall phase for magnons, we study bulk magnon effects such as magnonic spin, thermal, Nernst, and Ettinghausen effects, as well as the thermomagnetic properties of helical magnon transport both in topologically trivial and nontrivial bulk AFs and establish the magnonic Wiedemann-Franz law. We show that our predictions are within experimental reach with current device and measurement techniques.

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“…13,14 In particular, a growing body of research has focused on the interplay between the optically addressable nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond and spin wave (SW) excitations in extended ferromagnetic materials. [15][16][17][18][19] These systems have been proposed, for instance, as a platform to enable long distance coupling between NV centers, 15 by taking advantage of the SW's long damping length and the large interactions achievable through the ferromagnet's (FM) sizeable magnetization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, a number of recent works [16][17][18][19][20] revealed that the coherences of NV centers placed in proximity of a FM are strongly quenched by the magnetic field noise generated by driven ferromagnetic resonances. These results are of great interest for the implementation of broadband magnetic field sensing and for the study of the spin properties of ferromagnetic systems, but also suggest that incoherent mechanisms dominate the SW-NV center coupling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-range spin wave mediated control of defect qubits in nanodiamonds

et al. 2017

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Hybrid architectures that combine nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond with other materials and physical systems have been proposed to enhance the nitrogen-vacancy center's capabilities in many quantum sensing and information applications. In particular, spin waves in ferromagnetic materials are a promising candidate to implement these platforms due to their strong magnetic fields, which could be used to efficiently interact with the nitrogen-vacancy centers. Here, we develop an yttrium iron garnet-nanodiamond hybrid architecture constructed with the help of directed assembly and transfer printing techniques. Operating at ambient conditions, we demonstrate that surface confined spin waves excited in the ferromagnet can strongly amplify the interactions between a microwave source and the nitrogen-vacancy centers by enhancing the local microwave magnetic field by several orders of magnitude. Crucially, we show the existence of a regime in which coherent interactions between spin waves and nitrogen-vacancy centers dominate over incoherent mechanisms associated with the broadband magnetic field noise generated by the ferromagnet. These accomplishments enable the spin wave mediated coherent control of spin qubits over distances larger than 200 μm, and allow low power operations for future spintronic technologies.

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Control and local measurement of the spin chemical potential in a magnetic insulator

Cited by 270 publications

References 55 publications

Magnonic quantum Hall effect and Wiedemann-Franz law

Magnonic quantum Hall effect and Wiedemann-Franz law

Magnonic topological insulators in antiferromagnets

Long-range spin wave mediated control of defect qubits in nanodiamonds

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