Control-Centric Living Laboratory for Management of Distributed Energy Resources

Abstract

Variability and uncertainty of renewable distributed generation increase power grid complexity, necessitating the development of advanced control strategies. demonstrates a real-world testbed and the implementation of control strategies on it to mitigate the challenges associated with variability and uncertainty of renewable distributed generation. This control-centric testbed includes 4.6 MW of controllable building loads, a 1 MW solar array, and a 125 kW / 130 kWh battery energy storage system (BESS). The capabilities of the testbed are illustrated by highlighting the implementation of three specific scenarios relevant to future smart grid infrastructures. In the first scenario, photovoltaic output variability is mitigated with the BESS using adaptive moving average and adaptive state of charge control methods. The second and third scenarios demonstrate peak load management and load following control to manage uncertainty using the Intelligent Load Control (ILC) algorithm. The ILC modifies controllable loads using a prioritization matrix and an analytical hierarchy process. The three scenarios all operate at a different time-constant, and are each effectively addressed, demonstrating the versatility and flexibility of the presented testbed. This demonstrated ability to rapidly test the efficacy of alternate control algorithms on a real system is crucial to the maturation of future smart-grid.

Scalable Solutions for Wind and Solar Distributed Generation

“…The smart grid is defined or can be explained as the improved and developed generation delivery of energy which is usually based on services that are quick and fulfill all the time demands [18]. It is mainly about the informed and influential consumption or combination that is provided by the efficiency of energy in order to reduce the environmental impacts and frequent climatic change [8]. The company named RCI is the only company that can offer or provide the complete industrial standard scalable solution for the establishment of the smart grid in the environment in connection with renewable sources of energy.…”

“…The company RCI's solution mainly focused on competence in Telecommunication, IT, Advancement of Metering infrastructure, and the management of the data systems for energy which is based on the IP for the management of renewable sources of energy with the storage systems. This main aim is to create a micro-based system that is on the concept or idea of the virtual power plant for the virtual power capacity [8]. The smart grid's main objective or strategy is mostly based on distributed generation, the management of the demand and supplies, and approaches for industrial and residential, and commercial consumers.…”

“…The smart grid technology includes all the improved and developed real-world and digital infrastructures that provide, monitor, explain, and manage the energy or the electricity [5]. These supplies or the management of the energy are supplied from a variety of the sources in order to meet their demand for the power that is required in the homes and the business from the suppliers who supply electricity/energy [8]. This advanced and developed grid technology can supply efficiently and coordinates the demand and supply of the energy that leads to the usage of the management of the data and its capabilities.…”

Design and Implementation of Power Management Algorithm for Efficient Operation of Fishing Vessel With Battery Integrated Hybrid Shaft Generator/Motor System

“…Unlike prediction-based studies, authors [27] developed an adaptive threshold control algorithm to manage the optimum operation of BESS for battery-supported AC grid applications. Additionally, the adaptive threshold-based peak shaving method has also been addressed by some other researchers [28,29]. In these studies, intelligent load control methods are employed to curtail usable loads, aiming to enhance the energy efficiency of building energy systems and the reliability of the electrical grid.…”