Control measures to African swine fever outbreak: Active response in South Korea, preparation for the future, and cooperation

Kim, Yong Joo; Park, Bong‐Kyun; Kang, Hyung-Lyun

doi:10.4142/jvs.2021.22.e13

Cited by 23 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…No trace of ASFV genomic DNA was detected by laboratory analysis. This result may reflect the effects of immediate control measures following the detection of farms with ASF outbreaks in the early phase of infection in Korea (Cho et al., 2021; Kim et al., 2021; Yoon et al., 2020). The possibility of ASFV detection in arthropods collected from the farms with ASF outbreak cannot be ruled out if these were delayed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the arthropod specimens included in the pooled sample had a very homogeneous potential for exposure to ASFV. Moreover, due to the prompt action on the farms with ASF outbreak (Kim et al., 2021), arthropod specimens were collected after the completion of slaughtering, except for two farms from which arthropods were collected during the investigation. Furthermore, ASFV was not detected in any farm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, there has been a drastic increase in the areas affected by ASF in Asia, Europe and Africa. ASF outbreaks in the Republic of Korea (hereafter Korea) were confirmed in 16 pig farms: 14 farms in 2019 (September 16 to October 9) and 2 farms in 2020 (October 8 and October 9) (Kim et al., 2021; Yoon et al., 2020). The ASF virus (ASFV) in wild boar was first detected in a carcass found in the demilitarized zone on October 2, 2019 (Jo & Gortazar, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Arthropods as potential vectors of African swine fever virus outbreaks in pig farms in the Republic of Korea

Yoon

Hong

Lee

et al. 2021

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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The seasonality of African swine fever (ASF) in the summers and outbreaks in farms with high biosecurity levels suggest that the ASF virus (ASFV) may be transmitted by arthropod vectors. Arthropods were collected in this study from 14 pig farms with ASF outbreaks in Korea in 2019 to explore the role of arthropods as potential ASFV vectors. A total of 28,729 arthropods, including 28,508 (99.2%) Diptera, were collected using blacklight traps, insect nets and yellow sticky strips. All arthropod samples were negative for ASFV genomic DNA according to laboratory tests using real‐time polymerase chain reaction. This result may reflect the effects of immediate control measures following the detection of farms with ASF outbreaks in the early phase of infection in Korea.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Arthropods as potential vectors of African swine fever virus outbreaks in pig farms in the Republic of Korea

Yoon

Hong

Lee

et al. 2021

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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“…After completion of amplification, the product was mixed evenly with an equal ratio of chloroform solution and the mixture was centrifuged (12,000 rpm) at room temperature for 5 min, 1.5% agarose gel electrophoresis was used to detect the amplification products in the supernatant. In addition, based on the design principle of the RAA probe ( Kim et al, 2021 ), probe design was performed for the primers obtained after screening, and special biomarkers were added for the primers and probes. All primers and probes were synthesized by Sangon Biotech (China).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Application of RAA Nucleic Acid Test Strip Assay and Double RAA Gel Electrophoresis Detection Methods for ASFV and CSFV

Zhang

Zeng

et al. 2022

Front. Mol. Biosci.

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African swine fever (ASF) is an acute, severe and hemorrhagic infectious disease caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV) infecting domestic pigs and wild boars. Since the outbreak of the disease in China in 2018, it has brought a great impact on China’s pig industry. Classical swine fever (CSF) is an acute contact infectious disease of pigs caused by classical swine fever virus (CSFV) infection. Clinically, acute CSF usually shows persistent high fever, anorexia, extensive congestion and bleeding of the skin and mucosa, which are similar to ASF. It is of great significance to prevent, control and accurately detect ASF and CSF in pig farms. In this study, Recombinase aided amplification (RAA) technology combined with a nucleic acid test strip (RAA-strip) was established for simple and specific detection of ASFV/CSFV. The sensitivity and preliminary clinical application results showed that the RAA test strip established in this study could detect recombinant plasmids containing ASFV/CSFV gene fragments as low as 103 copies/µL. The minimum detection limits of virus DNA/cDNA were 10 and 12 pg respectively, and there was no cross-reaction with other porcine viruses. The specificity of the method was good. We used 37–42 clinical samples to evaluate the performance of our established method, and the positive concordance rates with conventional PCR were 94.1 and 57.1%, respectively. In addition, ASFV and CSFV double RAA agarose gel electrophoresis detection methods were established. The results showed that the method had good specificity. The detection limit of this method is 106 copies for ASFV p72 gene recombinant plasmid and 105 copies for CSFV NS5B Gene recombinant plasmid. The use of this method for clinical material detection was consistent with the PCR method. In summary, the developed method of RAA-strip assay for ASFV and CSFV realized the visual detection of pathogens, and the developed method of dual RAA agarose gel electrophoresis assay for ASFV and CSFV realized the simultaneous detection of two pathogens in one reaction, with good specificity, high sensitivity and rapid reaction rate, which was expected to be clinically feasible for the differential diagnosis of ASF and CSF provided technical support.

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“…This is a highly contagious disease that has caused a great concern in the pig industry, and, unfortunately, there are no effective vaccines against it. Therefore, amid this increasing concern of possible virus transmission from wild boars to domestic pigs, Government authorities, i.e., MAFRA along with ME, decided to enforce strengthened control measures, including intensive, nationwide disinfection of farms and livestock-related facilities [ 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara as a Potential Biosafety Level 2 Surrogate for African Swine Fever Virus in Disinfectant Efficacy Tests

2022

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In South Korea, despite the increase in emerging viral pathogens in the veterinary industry, only efficacy-tested, virus-specific disinfectants are allowed to be used. Moreover, domestic testing of disinfectants for their virucidal efficacies against foreign, malignant, infectious pathogens that are unreported within the country and/or contagious livestock diseases that require special attention regarding public hygiene are legally restricted. Therefore, the Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency (APQA) designed a study to select a potential biosafety level 2 surrogate of African swine fever virus (ASFV) for efficacy testing to improve the disinfectant approval procedures. For this, the modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) was compared to ASFV in terms of its susceptibility to disinfectants. Effective concentrations of active substances of disinfectants (potassium peroxymonosulfate, sodium dichloroisocyanurate, malic acid, citric acid, glutaraldehyde, and benzalkonium chloride) against ASFV and MVA were compared; similarly, efficacies of APQA-listed commercial disinfectants were examined. Tests were performed according to APQA guidelines, and infectivities of ASFV and MVA were confirmed by hemadsorption and cytopathic effect, respectively. The results reveal that the disinfectants are effective against MVA at similar or higher concentrations than those against ASFV, validating the use of MVA as a potential biosafety level 2 surrogate for ASFV in efficacy testing of veterinary disinfectants.

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Control measures to African swine fever outbreak: Active response in South Korea, preparation for the future, and cooperation

Cited by 23 publications

References 39 publications

Arthropods as potential vectors of African swine fever virus outbreaks in pig farms in the Republic of Korea

Arthropods as potential vectors of African swine fever virus outbreaks in pig farms in the Republic of Korea

Development and Application of RAA Nucleic Acid Test Strip Assay and Double RAA Gel Electrophoresis Detection Methods for ASFV and CSFV

Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara as a Potential Biosafety Level 2 Surrogate for African Swine Fever Virus in Disinfectant Efficacy Tests

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