Control Mechanisms in Infectious Mononucleosis

Denman, A. M.; Pelton, B K; Bazerbashi, B

doi:10.1042/cs045018pb

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Earlier reports (4)(5)(6)(7) have demonstrated that a high proportion of the blast-transformed cells in the peripheral blood of IM patients are T-cell-derived. We and others have speculated that these T cells might be instrumental in bringing about the self-limitation of the disease (14,7).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Cytotoxic effector cells specific for B Cell lines transformed by Epstein-Barr virus are present in patients with infectious mononucleosis.

Svedmyr¹,

Jondal²

1975

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

321

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Peripheral lymphoid cells, from 12 cases of acute infectious mononucleosis (IM), were tested in a micro chromium-51 release assay for cytotoxic activity against a variety of cell lines that did or did not carry the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genome. Unfractionated lymphocytes from these patients were cytotoxic to both types of cell lines, as were lymphocytes from healthy individuals. If, however, lymphocytes bearing complement receptors were removed, the residual IM lymphocyte fraction was specifically cytotoxic for EBV-genome-carrying cell lines. The residual lymphocyte fraction in normal donors had no such effect. Heterophile-positive IM is caused by EBV, and these results indicate that, during the acute phase of this disease, patients harbor killer cells, probably T cells, which specifically kill EBV-genome-carrying B cells in vitro. No such specificity for EBV-genome-positive target cells was found in normal lymphocytes stimulated in vitro with autologous EBV-genome-positive lymphoblastoid cells. Such stimulated cells were highly cytotoxic to both genome-positive and negative lines after removal of complement receptor-positive lymphocytes.The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been regularly associated with three human diseases; infectious mononucleosis (IM) (1), Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) (2), and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (2). The etiologic role of this virus is clearly established in IM, whereas, it remains suggestive but not proven in BL and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. IM is characterized by an intensive lymphoproliferation which, although it sometimes resembles the acute phase of leukemia, always is self-limiting and benign in character. This self-limitation in viw is in contrast to the capacity of the patient's lymphocytes to proliferate indefinitely in vitro as continuous cell lines with surface characteristics typical for bone-marrow derived (B) lymphocytes (2). Such cell lines carry the EBV genome, as shown by nucleic acid hybridization or the presence of the EBV-associated nuclear antigen (EBNA) (2, 3). It would be essential to understand what mechanisms protect the IM patients from continuous lymphoproliferation.Recent investigations have shown that a high proportion of the blast-transformed cells found in the peripheral blood of IM patients are thymus-derived (T) lymphocytes (4-7).As T lymphocytes are known to be the major defense mechanism in many viral infections (8), we have studied the capacity of lymphocytes isolated from IM patients to kill a variety of cell lines that do or do not carry the EBV genome. Furthermore, we have compared the target cell specificity of the IM lymphocytes with the specificity of lymphocytes stimulated in vitro with autologous EBV-genome-carrying cell lines.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We and others have speculated that these T cells might be instrumental in bringing about the self-limitation of the disease (14,7). Since EBV is known to be the cause of IM our approach to this problem was to investigate whether IM blood contained effector cells with cytotoxic specificity for EBV-genome-carrying target cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxic effector cells specific for B Cell lines transformed by Epstein-Barr virus are present in patients with infectious mononucleosis.

Svedmyr¹,

Jondal²

1975

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

321

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“…Prim ary infection by EB virus is commonly associated with the self-limited lymphoproliferative disease infectious mononucleosis. T he m ajor p art of the characteristic atypical lymphocytosis consists of activated m ononuclear cells participating in the host response to B lymphocytes infected with EBV (Denm an & Pelton 1974;Svedmyr & Jondal 1975). This point was established by experiments in vitro in which the lymphocytes of patients with infectious mononucleosis were shown to be cytotoxic for lymphoblastoid cell lines transformed by EB virus.…”

Section: S Pecific Suppression Of a Ntiv Ira L Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Viruses: immunosuppressive effects

1983

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B

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Many virus infections in man and other species are accompanied by immunosuppression. This is clearly important in terms of the susceptibility of the host to secondary infections. The immunosuppression may also aid and abet the growth and persistence of viruses. An unresolved issue is the extent to which the extent of this immunosuppression is determined by the virulence of the infecting virus or resistance factors in the host, and particularly by factors that are genetically determined. The mechanisms of viral immunosuppression are indirect and direct. Indirect mechanisms such as interferon production and suppressor cells induced by infection undoubtedly contribute to viral immunosuppression in experimental models of virus infection. In man the direct inactivation of immunologically responsive lymphocytes seems to be the most important mechanism. Moreover, the persistence of viruses in human lymphocytes is being increasingly recognized.

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“…The self-limited disease infectious mononucleosis could represent a clinical expression of a controlled EBV-induced lymphoproliferative state. Recently, it has been reported that patients with tbis disease have circulating lymphocytes which are specifically cytotoxic to EBV-carrying cell lines (Denman & Pelton 1974. Unfortunately, no studies of cell-autogenous markers in EBV-carrying infectious mononucleosis cells have been reported.…”

Section: Malignant Lymphoid Proliferotionmentioning

confidence: 99%