Control Methods for the Precise Brain Temperature Management in Selective Brain Hypothermia Therapy

Abstract

The mathematical simulations are provided for the development of devices and/or methods for medical brain hypothermal treatment. The mathematical model reflecting thermal property of human head was presented as a group of particles consisting of small nodes. By using our mathematical model of head, a new appropriate brain cooling pattern is proposed for the temperature control in selective brain hypothermia, when its temperature rises owing to the increasing productive and accumulating heat by brain injuries. The clinical effectiveness of the new cooling pattern with less consumption of energy is given for the control of brain temperature by using our model of particles of nodes.

Regular Tetrahedral Lattice Coordinate System for an Equivalent Arrangement of Bio‐mathematical Models Reflecting Objects’ Shape

“…12, studies using mathematical models with continuous arrangement of regular tetrahedrons [1,13,14], same as in the present study, showed relatively good agreement between simulated and measured results for different algorithms of temperature control. 12, studies using mathematical models with continuous arrangement of regular tetrahedrons [1,13,14], same as in the present study, showed relatively good agreement between simulated and measured results for different algorithms of temperature control.…”

“…The proposed method was verified for dynamic models [1,2,9] and thermodynamic models [10,13,14]; the method combines a number of features advantageous for a wide variety of biomathematical simulations. Besides, continuous state distributions can be visualized because most of space is defined as computable domain.…”

“…Normally, connection between nodes is expressed by links; however, in some cases such as spring models [1,2,9] and heat transfer models [10,13,14], connection elements should express energy transfer, attenuation, and accumulation as well. Nodal points represent mass, temperature, and other material characteristics around them.…”

“…Nodes not belonging to any of these are expressed as Air. As regards selective hypothermic treatment, we applied a cooling model in which simple cooling is switched over to temperature management based on a control theory as proposed by Honma and colleagues [14]; the control theory was based on control laws combining adaptive gain control and integral control [17]. At the moment Fig.…”

“…On the other hand, node allocation in lattice coordinates created by continuous arrangement of regular tetrahedrons was employed to propose dynamic models based on a visco-elasto-plastic model [1,2,9] and visualized models of temperature distribution in human head using a thermodynamic model [10]. Particularly, results of thermodynamic simulations using the latter model [13,14] showed good agreement with results of experimental measurement, thus proving feasibility of accurate simulations with biomathematical models. However, regularity of node placement in such lattice coordinates was reported only fractionally [15], while calculation method was not described.…”