Control of a fjord basin's dynamics by tidal mixing in embracing sill zones

Ebbesmeyer, Curtis C.; Barnes, Clifford A.

doi:10.1016/s0302-3524(80)80086-7

Cited by 64 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The genetic break coincides with the Victoria Sill, a shallow submarine feature that divides the Strait of Juan de Fuca from the interior Salish Sea (Ebbesmeyer & Barnes, 1980). This sill rises to depths of 55 m to 100 m and causes considerable vertical mixing during strong tidal currents in the Strait of Juan de Fuca (Ebbesmeyer & Barnes, 1980; Khangaonkar, Long, & Xu, 2017; Soontiens & Allen, 2017). This mixing creates spatial discontinuities in sediment load (Johannessen, Masson, & Macdonald, 2006), salinity (Masson & Cummins, 2000), nutrient load (Peña, Masson, & Callendar, 2016), and primary production (Masson & Peña, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Population assignment and local adaptation along an isolation‐by‐distance gradient in Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus)

Drinan

Gruenthal

Canino

et al. 2018

Evolutionary Applications

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The discernment of populations as management units is a fundamental prerequisite for sustainable exploitation of species. A lack of clear stock boundaries complicates not only the identification of spatial management units, but also the assessment of mixed fisheries by population assignment and mixed stock analysis. Many marine species, such as Pacific cod, are characterized by isolation by distance, showing significant differentiation but no clear stock boundaries. Here, we used restriction‐site‐associated DNA (RAD) sequencing to investigate population structure and assess power to genetically assign Pacific cod to putative populations of origin. Samples were collected across the species range in the eastern Pacific Ocean, from the Salish Sea to the Aleutian Islands. A total of 6,425 putative biallelic single nucleotide polymorphisms were identified from 276 individuals. We found a strong isolation‐by‐distance signal along coastlines that mirrored previous microsatellite results and pronounced genetic differentiation between coastal samples and those from the inland waters of the Salish Sea, with no evidence for hybridization between these two populations. Individual assignment success based on two methods was high overall (≥84%) but decreased from south to north. Assignment to geographic location of origin also was successful, with average distance between capture and assignment location of 220 km. Outlier analyses identified more loci potentially under selection along the coast than between Salish Sea and coastal samples, suggesting more diverse adaptation to latitudinal environmental factors than inshore vs. offshore environments. Our results confirm previous observations of sharp genetic differentiation of the Salish Sea population and isolation by distance along the coast, but also highlight the feasibility of using modern genomic techniques to inform stock boundaries and fisheries management in a low F ST marine species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population assignment and local adaptation along an isolation‐by‐distance gradient in Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus)

Drinan

Gruenthal

Canino

et al. 2018

Evolutionary Applications

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“…By June, cell abundance dropped to below detection, presumably due to water-column stratification and nutrient depletion (Newton et al 2002). Both the Main Basin of Puget Sound and the Strait of Juan de Fuca are well-mixed estuaries (Ebbesmeyer and Barnes 1980), and blooms there occurred from March until June. Environmental conditions in both Puget Sound and the Strait of Juan de Fuca were variable over space and time and could not be used to predict bloom occurrence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Population A was retained within Puget Sound for 3 months and was also identified repeatedly over a 2.5-yr period. It has been hypothesized that recirculation of seaward flowing water in Puget Sound (Ebbesmeyer and Barnes 1980) allows for long-term retention of this population within the Sound (Rynearson and Armbrust 2004). In Hood Canal, population A may have been retained through May because all cells had small valve diameters characteristic of population A.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spring bloom development, genetic variation, and population succession in the planktonic diatom Ditylum brightwellii

2006

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We determined spatial and temporal variation in abundance, distribution, and genetic composition of the planktonic marine diatom Ditylum brightwellii in 21 water samples collected between February and June from five locations in Puget Sound and the Strait of Juan de Fuca, Washington. Four blooms with cell abundances of .1,000 cells L 21 were detected during the sampling period. The blooms were comprised of two genetically distinct populations identified by analyzing up to three microsatellite loci from 707 individual cells. One population was detected at all locations from February to April and comprised three blooms. In May and June, it was gone, replaced by a second, genetically distinct population that comprised a different bloom. Both populations had high levels of diversity: on average, 94% of cells in each sample were genetically distinct. The two populations contained cells with identical 18S and 5.8S rDNA sequences and 1.1% sequence divergence at the internal transcribed spacer regions, which suggests that both populations were members of the same species. The populations detected in early and late spring were composed of cells with average valve diameters of 22 and 69 mm, respectively. The population sampled in late spring, comprised of large-diameter cells, had a distinct genetic composition, indicating that it did not arise from a sexual reproduction event in the population sampled in early spring. Both populations were associated with significantly different exposures to solar irradiance and silicic acid concentrations, suggesting that environmental selection may regulate bloom dynamics of distinct populations.

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Mixing of dissolved oxygen in Chesapeake Bay driven by the interaction between wind‐driven circulation and estuarine bathymetry

Scully

2016

JGR Oceans

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Field observations collected in Chesapeake Bay demonstrate how wind‐driven circulation interacts with estuarine bathymetry to control when and where the vertical mixing of dissolved oxygen occurs. In the across‐Bay direction, the lateral Ekman response to along‐Bay wind forcing contributes to the vertical mixing of dissolved oxygen in two ways. First, the lateral tilting of the pycnocline/oxycline, consistent with the thermal wind relationship, advects the region of high vertical gradient into the surface and bottom boundary layers where mixing can occur. Second, upwelling of low‐oxygen water to the surface enhances the atmospheric influx. In the along‐Bay direction, the abrupt change in bottom depth associated with Rappahannock Shoal results in surface convergence and downwelling, leading to localized vertical mixing. Water that is mixed on the shoal is entrained into the up‐Bay residual bottom flow resulting in increases in bottom dissolved oxygen that propagate up the system. The increases in dissolved oxygen are often associated with increases in temperature and decreases in salinity, consistent with vertical mixing. However, the lagged arrival moving northward suggests that the propagation of this signal up the Bay is due to advection.

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Control of a fjord basin's dynamics by tidal mixing in embracing sill zones

Cited by 64 publications

References 11 publications

Population assignment and local adaptation along an isolation‐by‐distance gradient in Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus)

Population assignment and local adaptation along an isolation‐by‐distance gradient in Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus)

Spring bloom development, genetic variation, and population succession in the planktonic diatom Ditylum brightwellii

Mixing of dissolved oxygen in Chesapeake Bay driven by the interaction between wind‐driven circulation and estuarine bathymetry

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