Control of adipogenesis in ruminants

Roh, Sang Gun; Hishikawa, Daisuke; Hong, Yeon Hee; Sasaki, Shinichi

doi:10.1111/j.1740-0929.2006.00374.x

Cited by 27 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Despite being the main site for de novo fatty acid and triacylglycerols (TAG) synthesis in ruminants [4], the SAT is also the most energetically inefficient fat depot and, therefore, considered an economic loss. However, while during the last decade knowledge of rodents and human fat physiology has progressed rapidly [5], the same information regarding ruminant species is very limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of genes controlling fat deposition in two genetically diverse beef cattle breeds fed high or low silage diets

Costa¹,

Pires²,

Fontes³

et al. 2013

BMC Vet Res

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BackgroundBoth genetic background and finishing system can alter fat deposition, thus indicating their influence on adipogenic and lipogenic factors. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying fat deposition and fatty acid composition in beef cattle are not fully understood. This study aimed to assess the effect of breed and dietary silage level on the expression patterns of key genes controlling lipid metabolism in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and longissimus lumborum (LL) muscle of cattle. To that purpose, forty bulls from two genetically diverse Portuguese bovine breeds with distinct maturity rates, Alentejana and Barrosã, were selected and fed either low (30% maize silage/70% concentrate) or high silage (70% maize silage/30% concentrate) diets.ResultsThe results suggested that enhanced deposition of fatty acids in the SAT from Barrosã bulls, when compared to Alentejana, could be due to higher expression levels of lipogenesis (SCD and LPL) and β-oxidation (CRAT) related genes. Our results also indicated that SREBF1 expression in the SAT is increased by feeding the low silage diet. Together, these results point out to a higher lipid turnover in the SAT of Barrosã bulls when compared to Alentejana. In turn, lipid deposition in the LL muscle is related to the expression of adipogenic (PPARG and FABP4) and lipogenic (ACACA and SCD) genes. The positive correlation between ACACA expression levels and total lipids, as well trans fatty acids, points to ACACA as a major player in intramuscular deposition in ruminants. Moreover, results reinforce the role of FABP4 in intramuscular fat development and the SAT as the major site for lipid metabolism in ruminants.ConclusionsOverall, the results showed that SAT and LL muscle fatty acid composition are mostly dependent on the genetic background. In addition, dietary silage level impacted on muscle lipid metabolism to a greater extent than on that of SAT, as evaluated by gene expression levels of adipogenic and lipogenic factors. Moreover, the response to diet composition evaluated through mRNA levels and fatty acid composition showed interesting differences between Alentejana and Barrosã bulls. These findings provide evidence that the genetic background should be taken into account while devising diet-based strategies to manipulate fatty acid composition of beef cattle tissues.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of genes controlling fat deposition in two genetically diverse beef cattle breeds fed high or low silage diets

Costa¹,

Pires²,

Fontes³

et al. 2013

BMC Vet Res

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“…In particular, its expression is markedly increased during the differentiation of adipocytes in mice and ruminants (Scherer et al . 1995; Roh et al . 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene expression and hormonal regulation of adiponectin and its receptors in bovine mammary gland and mammary epithelial cells

Ohtani

Yonezawa

Song

et al. 2010

Animal Science Journal

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Although the functions of adiponectin, a differentiated adipocyte-derived hormone, in regulating glucose and fatty acid metabolism are regulated by two subtypes of adiponectin receptors (AdipoRs; AdipoR1 and AdipoR2), those in ruminants remain unclear. Therefore we examined the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels of adiponectin and its receptors in various bovine tissues and mammary glands among different lactation stages, and the effects of lactogenic hormones (insulin, dexamethasone and prolactin) and growth hormone (GH) on mRNA expression of the AdipoRs in cultured bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMEC). AdipoRs mRNAs were widely expressed in various bovine tissues, but adiponectin mRNA expression was significantly higher in adipose tissue than in other tissues. In the mammary gland, although adiponectin mRNA expression was significantly decreased at lactation, AdipoR1 mRNA expression was significantly higher at peak lactation than at the dry-off stage. In BMEC, lactogenic hormones and GH upregulated AdipoR2 mRNA expression but did not change that of AdipoR1. In conclusion, adiponectin and its receptor mRNA were expressed in various bovine tissues and the adiponectin mRNA level was decreased during lactation. These results suggest that adiponectin and its receptors ware changed in mammary glands by lactation and that AdipoRs mRNA expression was regulated by different pathways in BMEC.

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“…The differentiation of adipocytes is induced by the expression of the adipogenic transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) family and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) in rodents and ruminants (Christy et al 1989;Tontonoz et al 1994;Rosen & Spiegelman 2001;Roh et al 2006). The fat content of meat accumulates during the differentiation of adipocytes in skeletal muscle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of different roughage sources and feeding levels on adipogenesis of ovine adipocytes

Kim

Choi

Ichinohe

et al. 2015

Animal Science Journal

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The objective of the present study was to conduct an adipogenic evaluation of different roughage sources and feeding levels during ruminant adipocyte differentiation in vitro. Six wether sheep were divided into a timothy hay feeding group (TFG, n = 3) and an Italian ryegrass straw feeding group (IFG, n = 3). The sheep were fed high-roughage (HR), medium roughage (MR) and low-roughage (LR) diets in a one-way layout design each over a 6-day period. Sheep serum samples collected on the last day of each dietary treatment were added to an adipogenic induction medium for differentiation of preadipocytes derived from sheep subcutaneous adipose tissue. The cytoplasmic lipid accumulations in the TFG serum-treated preadipocytes were significantly higher than those of the IFG-serum treated preadipocytes on day 12. Messenger RNA expression of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP)-α, C/EBP-β, C/EBP-δ, fatty-acid-binding protein (aP2) and stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase (SCD) were regulated by each serum treatment. This study shows that different roughage source diets and roughage-to-concentrate ratio diets can regulate adipocyte differentiation via ruminant blood composition.

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Control of adipogenesis in ruminants

Cited by 27 publications

References 50 publications

Expression of genes controlling fat deposition in two genetically diverse beef cattle breeds fed high or low silage diets

Expression of genes controlling fat deposition in two genetically diverse beef cattle breeds fed high or low silage diets

Gene expression and hormonal regulation of adiponectin and its receptors in bovine mammary gland and mammary epithelial cells

Effects of different roughage sources and feeding levels on adipogenesis of ovine adipocytes

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