“…Volatile compounds, including higher alcohols, short to medium-chain fatty acids, ethyl esters and acetate esters, are affected by the type and/or concentration of nitrogen (Bell & Henschke, 2005). If yeast suffers from nitrogen deficiency during wine fermentation, sluggish or stuck fermentation may occur (Bisson & Butzke, 2000;Sablayrolles, 2009). In contrast, when supplemented with excessive amounts of ammonium there could be a risk of producing wine with elevated levels of higher alcohols (Beltran et al, 2005), acetic acid (Bely et al, 2003), ethyl acetate (Sablayrolles, 2009) or even ethyl carbamate (Ough et al, 1988).…”