Control of an HIV epidemic among injection drug users: simulation modeling on complex networks

Alexander, Robles; Ramadanović, Bojan; Warren, Michelow; Brandon, Dan; Will, Small; Kathleen, Deering; Julio, S G Montaner; KiiszLina, Vasaihexyi

doi:10.1109/wsc.2016.7822077

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…defined H as in (16), there exists a function λ(t) ∈ 5 , λ ∈C 1 0, t f (first derivatives continuous almost everywhere) not simultaneously null, such that (23) holds and…”

Section: Problem Formulation For Case Imentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimal Control of Virus Spread under Different Conditions of Resources Limitations

Giamberardino¹,

Iacoviello²

2019

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The paper addresses the problem of human virus spread reduction when the resources for the control actions are somehow limited. This kind of problem can be successfully solved in the framework of the optimal control theory, where the best solution, which minimizes a cost function while satisfying input constraints, can be provided. The problem is formulated in this contest for the case of the HIV/AIDS virus, making use of a model that considers two classes of susceptible subjects, the wise people and the people with incautious behaviours, and three classes of infected, the ones still not aware of their status, the pre-AIDS patients and the AIDS ones; the control actions are represented by an information campaign, to reduce the category of subjects with unwise behaviour, a test campaign, to reduce the number of subjects not aware of having the virus, and the medication on patients with a positive diagnosis. The cost function considered aims at reducing patients with positive diagnosis using as less resources as possible. Four different types of resources bounds are considered, divided into two classes: limitations on the instantaneous control and fixed total budgets. The optimal solutions are numerically computed, and the results of simulations performed are illustrated and compared to put in evidence the different behaviours of the control actions.

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“…defined H as in (16), there exists a function λ(t) ∈ 5 , λ ∈C 1 0, t f (first derivatives continuous almost everywhere) not simultaneously null, such that (23) holds and…”

Section: Problem Formulation For Case Imentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mathematical modelling of the HIV/AIDS diffusion has been faced in [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17], by considering, as in this paper, the dynamics between subjects, thus introducing:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Control of Virus Spread under Different Conditions of Resources Limitations

Giamberardino¹,

Iacoviello²

2019

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“…In more recent years, the network models have become more complex to incorporate real data from the populations under study. For example, Rutherford et al (2016) describes a body of work around modeling the HIV epidemic in Vancouver, which includes a network model of injecting drug users and female sex workers, with the aim of assessing the effectiveness of different control strategies.…”

Section: Modeling Sexually Transmitted Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Diseases: Prevention, Cure and Management

Currie¹,

Monks²

2018

2018 Winter Simulation Conference (WSC)

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Diseases, like death and taxes, seem an inevitable part of life, with much of modern medicine acting to prevent, cure or manage them effectively. Modeling of diseases began over a century ago and has been one of the success stories of applied mathematics and, more recently, computer simulation. In this article, we describe modeling of both communicable and non-communicable diseases, and provide a review of the relevant literature. Two case studies are discussed, the first describing a modeling study of tuberculosis and HIV and the second capacity planning for stroke services. Our aim is to instigate a discussion of how modeling should be used in the future to answer the most up-to-date questions about global health, particularly those of disease prevention.

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“…In classical HIV/AIDS spread models (Naresh et al, 2009;Wodarz and Nowak, 1999;Chang and Astolfi, 2009), four main classes are introduced: the Susceptible subjects (S), that are the healthy people that may contract the virus, the Infectious one (I) that are individuals not aware of their condition, the pre-AIDS patients (P), the AIDS patients (A). The control actions introduced are mainly focused on the prevention, as for example in (Rutherford et al, 2016), where the attention is devoted to risky subjects, drug users and sex workers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Improvement in a Local Observer Design for Optimal State Feedback Control: The Case Study of HIV/AIDS Diffusion

Giamberardino

Iacoviello

2019

Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics

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The paper addresses the problem of an observer design for a nonlinear system for which a preliminary linear state feedback is designed but the full state is not measurable. Since a linear control assures the fulfilment of local approximated conditions, usually a linear observer is designed in these cases to estimate the state with estimation error locally convergent to zero. The case in which the control contains an external reference, like in regulations problems, is studied, showing that the solution obtained working with the linear approximation to get local solutions produces non consistent results in terms of local regions of convergence for the system and for the observer. A solution to this problem is provided, proposing a different choice for the observer design which allows to obtain all conditions locally satisfied on the same local region in the neighbourhood of a new equilibrium point. The case study of an epidemic spread control is used to show the effectiveness of the procedure. The linear control with regulation term is present in this case because the problem is reconducted to a Linear Quadratic Regulation problem. Simulation results show the differences between the two approaches and the effectiveness of the proposed one.

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Control of an HIV epidemic among injection drug users: simulation modeling on complex networks

Cited by 10 publications

References 34 publications

Optimal Control of Virus Spread under Different Conditions of Resources Limitations

Optimal Control of Virus Spread under Different Conditions of Resources Limitations

Modeling Diseases: Prevention, Cure and Management

An Improvement in a Local Observer Design for Optimal State Feedback Control: The Case Study of HIV/AIDS Diffusion

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