Control of Argentine stem weevil in seedling ryegrass

Trought, T. E. T.

doi:10.30843/nzpp.1976.29.9110

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…The contrast between the resistance of very young (c. 7 days) 'L.C.' Ariki seedlings to adult feeding damage (Trought 1976) and the lack of resistance of mature plants to egg-laying and larval attack indicates a difference between seedling and mature grass susceptibility. This implies that the factor(s)…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The question of seedling vulnerability to Argentine stem weevil adult feeding damage and the associated problems of pasture establishment has been given comparatively scant attention in the literature. However, Trought (1976) conducted laboratory pot trials to test the susceptibility of several varieties of 3-11-day-old seedling grasses to adult weevil damage. As often occurs with other plants .and insects (de Wilde et al 1969) he found that the trends in seedling susceptibility differed from those observed in mature plants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An examination of the relationship between Argentine stem weevilListronotus bonariensis(Kuschel)) and several of its host grasses

Goldson

1982

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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The susceptibilities of several New Zealand pasture grasses to Argentine stem weevil oviposition and larval attack were investigated. Short rotation cultivars of ryegrass showed higher susceptibility to both forms of attack than perennial ryegrass cultivars. It is possible that the latter ar.e resistant to weevil attack because of their comparatively high cellulose levels and consequent toughness. Of the other grasses, tall fescue was found to be highly resistant to egg-laying whereas Timothy was found to be tolerant to larval mining. Larval survival of 30%-40% was estimated to occur between the egg and first instar stage in most grasses compared with the more variable and lower survival levels of 7%-23% between the first and second instars. These levels of survival were again proportional to relative cellulose levels. From the second instar onwards there was little or no larval mortality. The resistance to adult weevil feeding in the young seedlings of 'low cellulose' ('L.C.') selection of 'Grasslands Ariki' (N889) ryegrass is not expressed as ovipositional or larval resistance in mature plants. It is hypothesised that the seedling 'L.C.' Ariki plants initially have high levels of the alkaloid perloline which confer resistance but this rapidly dissipates as the plants develop.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An examination of the relationship between Argentine stem weevilListronotus bonariensis(Kuschel)) and several of its host grasses

Goldson

1982

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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“…Argentine stem weevil, Listronotus bonariensis (ASW), has historically been a major pest of ryegrass in Canterbury (Pottinger 1961;Trought 1976;Barker et al 1981), and one that has been difficult to control (Goldson et al 1990). In an effort to broaden the options for control of ASW, the Braconid parasitoid Microctonus hyperodae Loan was imported into New Zealand quarantine as part of a classical biological programme against the pest (Goldson et al 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Damage potential of Argentine stem weevil in Lincoln dairy pasture: has biological control by Microctonus hyperodae altered the balance?

McNeill¹,

Knight²,

Baird³

2001

ProNZG

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To measure the impact of biological control of Argentine stem weevil, Listronotus bonariensis (ASW) by Microctonus hyperodae in dairy pasture, a research site was established in the autumn of 1997 on a dairy farm near Lincoln, where the parasitoid had been present since 1994. Existing pasture was killed with glyphosate and four ryegrass cultivar treatments consisting of three perennial (Nui, Embassy, Vedette) and one hybrid mixture (Marsden/Greenstone), each containing either low or high levels of Neotyphodium lolii endophyte, were sown by direct drilling. A third main plot treatment was low endophyte plus insecticide. Between 1997 and 1999, seasonal pasture production was measured in all plots. Herbage composition was also measured in all plots for the first 2 years but only in the Nui treatments in 1999. ASW adult and larval densities, larval damage to ryegrass, parasitism by M. hyperodae and ryegrass tiller density were measured on Nui plots in spring and again in summer, coinciding with periods of peak ASW egg laying and larval development. Between 1997 and 2000, ASW adult densities in Nui were highest in the first summer (26 January 1998) following establishment. Thereafter, densities did not rise above c. 60 ASW/m2. Densities of adults, larvae, levels of larval damage to ryegrass, and parasitism by M. hyperodae were significantly higher in summer than spring (P

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“…However, the result of this experiment suggests that endophyte growth and/or establishment of alkaloid production in seedlings is likely to be a gradual process after germination. Interestingly, seedling resistance to ASW adult feeding in the early stages of seedling emergence and the subsequent loss of the initial resistance had been reported before the discovery of endophyte‐mediated resistance to this insect (Trought, ). High peramine concentration in the seed may give initial protection to the emerging seedling, but these seedlings are then found to be susceptible to feeding until 43 days post‐sowing for NZ CT and 56 days for NEA2 and AR1 (third time period).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Epichloë endophytes on adult Argentine stem weevil damage to perennial ryegrass seedlings

Ruppert

Matthew

McKenzie

et al. 2017

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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In New Zealand, the fungal endophyte Epichlo€ e festucae var. lolii Latch, Christensen & Samuels (Hypocreales) is widely used to enhance productivity and survival of mature perennial ryegrass, Lolium perenne L. (Poaceae) plants. These endophytes produce alkaloids that reduce damage by insect pests, such as Argentine stem weevil (ASW), Listronotus bonariensis (Kuschel) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). However, knowledge of the effect of these fungi on seedlings is limited. High concentrations of grass-endophyte-derived alkaloids occur in endophyte-infected seed and can be translocated into seedlings to provide early protection from insect herbivory. A glasshouse experiment was conducted in which adult ASW were given a choice between perennial ryegrass cultivar 'One50' without endophyte (Nil) or containing endophyte strains AR1, AR37, or NZ CT , and cv. 'Trojan' containing strain NEA2, in three post-sowing time periods. ASW feeding damage was assessed together with plant survival and dry weight production. Plant survival and dry matter production was reduced in all treatments with mortality highest in endophyte-free and AR37 treatments, especially in the first and second time period. Strongest adult ASW deterrence occurred on seedlings infected with endophyte strains that produce peramine (AR1, NZ CT , and NEA2). Strain NZ CT was virtually undamaged in the third time period whereas damage initially increased in AR1 and NEA2 up until day 50-53 post-sowing and then declined. Endophyte-free and AR37 treatments were significantly more damaged than AR1, NZ CT , and NEA2. This research indicated there is a period of seedling vulnerability to adult ASW attack during germination, even for strains producing peramine. Possible explanations for these results are discussed.

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Control of Argentine stem weevil in seedling ryegrass

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

An examination of the relationship between Argentine stem weevilListronotus bonariensis(Kuschel)) and several of its host grasses

An examination of the relationship between Argentine stem weevilListronotus bonariensis(Kuschel)) and several of its host grasses

Damage potential of Argentine stem weevil in Lincoln dairy pasture: has biological control by Microctonus hyperodae altered the balance?

Impact of Epichloë endophytes on adult Argentine stem weevil damage to perennial ryegrass seedlings

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