Control of Blood Glucose Level for Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus using Improved Hovorka Equations: Comparison between Clinical and In-Silico Works

Sohadi, Nur’Amanina Mohd; Som, Ayub Md; Nor, Noor Shafina Mohd; Yusof, Nur Farhana Mohd; Ali, Sherif Abdulbari; Pacana, Noor Dyanna Andres

doi:10.1101/2020.10.09.332809

“…Then, the patients’ BGL from the simulation (in-silico work) are compared with the clinical work. This study is a continuation of work from the previous studies [7-9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…are compared with the clinical work. This study is a continuation of work from the previous studies [7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 57%

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Comparative Study between In-silico and Clinical Works on the Control of Blood Glucose Level in People with Type 1 Diabetes using Improved Hovorka Equations

Som¹,

Sohadi²,

Nor³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background: Hovorka model is one of the diabetic models which is widely used in the artificial pancreas device (APD) also known as closed loop system, meant for people with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Previous workers had modified some equations in the sub-sections of the Hovorka model, which is also known as improved Hovorka equations, in regulating the blood glucose level (BGL) within normoglycemic range (4.0 to 7.0 mmol/L). However, the improved Hovorka equations have not been tested yet in terms of its usability to regulate and control the BGL in safe range for two or more people with T1D. This study aims to simulate their BGL with meal disturbances for 24 hours using the improved Hovorka equations. Methods: Data for people with T1D were obtained from Clinic 1, Clinical Training Centre (CTC), UiTM Medical Specialist Centre, Sungai Buloh, Selangor. Data collected include gender, age, body weight, mealtimes, meal amount, and duration. Three patients whose ages range from 11 to 14 years old were selected. All patients consumed three meals daily: breakfast, lunch, and dinner. The simulation (in-silico work) was done using MATLAB software, and the BGL profile from both in-silico and clinical works were compared and analysed. Results: It was revealed that the BGLs for all three people with T1D were far better in the in-silico work compared to the clinical work. The BGL for patient 1 was able to achieve normoglycaemia 73% of the time in the in-silico work. Meanwhile, patient 2 managed to stay in the normoglycemic range for 85% of the time in the in-silico work compared to clinical work, which was merely 31%. For Patient 3, the time duration spent in the normoglycemic range was only 16% in the in-silico work compared to none as in the clinical work. The p-values obtained in the study were less than 0.05, indicating that the in-silico work using the improved Hovorka equations was acceptable for predicting the BGL for people with T1D. Conclusions: It can be concluded that the improved Hovorka equations are reliable in simulating the meal disturbances effect on BGL and increasing people in T1D times' duration in the normoglycemic range compared to the clinical work.

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“…The BGL during breakfast (75 g CHO) was increased to 10.8 mmol/L at time, t=180 min and during dinner (45 g CHO) was increased at 9 mmol/L at time, t=870 min. 18 Prior to that, the Ut was pumped at the rate of 0.0167 U/min at time 151 min after breakfast while 181 min after dinner. The BGL came back to safe glycemic range after the insulin was administered.…”

Section: Meal Simulation For Patientmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-silico works on the control of blood glucose level for different Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Subjects using improved Hovorka equations

Som¹,

Sohadi²,

Johari³

et al. 2022

AJDM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: One of the most common types of diabetes is Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) which causes high or low blood glucose levels (BGL) in a patient’s body. T1DM patients need to maintain their BGL in a safe glycemic range which is between 4.0 mmol/L to 7 mmol/L. Thus, it is high time to find the optimum insulin infusion rate into the patient’s body in achieving prolonged normoglycemic range. Methods: Previous workers had focused on employing the improved Hovorka equations via in-silico study using one T1DM patient’s data; however, in-silico works employing more actual patients’ data are yet to be explored. Hence, this study attempts to apply the improved Hovorka equations on three different T1DM subjects so as to simulate their BGL profiles based on daily stipulated meal disturbances, individual body weights and age group. Results: Results showed that the optimum insulin infusion rates required to regulate the BGL within safe glycemic range were at 0.1 U/min, 0.05 U/min and 0.0167 U/min for the case of patients 1, 2 and 3, respectively; provided that different amounts of meal intake (DG) were observed by each patient during breakfast, lunch and dinner times. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study had proven that the improved Hovorka equations can be used to simulate the meal disturbance effect on BGL for more T1DM patients. Keywords Blood glucose level; Closed-loop control system; Hovorka model; Meal disturbance; Type 1 diabetes mellitus

show abstract

In-silico works on the control of blood glucose level for different Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Subjects using improved Hovorka equations

Som¹,

Sohadi²,

Johari³

et al. 2022

AJDM

0

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: One of the most common types of diabetes is Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) which causes high or low blood glucose levels (BGL) in a patient’s body. T1DM patients need to maintain their BGL in a safe glycemic range which is between 4.0 mmol/L to 7 mmol/L. Thus, it is high time to find the optimum insulin infusion rate into the patient’s body in achieving prolonged normoglycemic range. Methods: Previous workers had focused on employing the improved Hovorka equations via in-silico study using one T1DM patient’s data; however, in-silico works employing more actual patients’ data are yet to be explored. Hence, this study attempts to apply the improved Hovorka equations on three different T1DM subjects so as to simulate their BGL profiles based on daily stipulated meal disturbances, individual body weights and age group. Results: Results showed that the optimum insulin infusion rates required to regulate the BGL within safe glycemic range were at 0.1 U/min, 0.05 U/min and 0.0167 U/min for the case of patients 1, 2 and 3, respectively; provided that different amounts of meal intake (DG) were observed by each patient during breakfast, lunch and dinner times. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study had proven that the improved Hovorka equations can be used to simulate the meal disturbance effect on BGL for more T1DM patients. Keywords Blood glucose level; Closed-loop control system; Hovorka model; Meal disturbance; Type 1 diabetes mellitus

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Control of Blood Glucose Level for Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus using Improved Hovorka Equations: Comparison between Clinical and In-Silico Works

Cited by 3 publications

References 25 publications

Comparative Study between In-silico and Clinical Works on the Control of Blood Glucose Level in People with Type 1 Diabetes using Improved Hovorka Equations

Comparative Study between In-silico and Clinical Works on the Control of Blood Glucose Level in People with Type 1 Diabetes using Improved Hovorka Equations

In-silico works on the control of blood glucose level for different Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Subjects using improved Hovorka equations

In-silico works on the control of blood glucose level for different Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Subjects using improved Hovorka equations

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