Control of Campylobacter fetus in artificially contaminated bovine semen by incubation with antibiotics before freezing

The Effect of Two Antibiotic Mixtures on Haemophilus somnus, Campylobacter fetus ssp. venerealis, Mycoplasma bovis, and Ureaplasma diversum in Frozen Bovine Semen

“…Moreover the incubation period of antibiotics in the semen before freezing has a strong influence on the reduction in microflora. Shisong et al (1990) found that the combination of penicillin, streptomycin, lincornycin and spectinomycin and different incubation periods in the semen samples before freezing resulted in a reduction of C. fetus to non-detectable levels in 38% of the samples after 5 min incubation, and in 100% of the samples after 40 rnin incubation before freezing. However the reduction after the 5 min incubation period was as large as when the semen was frozen directly, so it cannot be concluded that the antibiotics were effective.…”

Effect of Precooling Incubation Time on the Efficiency of Added Antibiotics on Total Bacterial Count and Viability of Frozen Ram Semen

“…The present results showed that temperature of 35°C for 30 minutes gave the best results on sperm motility, alive sperm and decrease abnormalities. The post thawing motility gave higher results after held at 35°C for 30 minutes and decrease post thawing acrosomal defects, while viability index showed high results when held at at 0 time; in this respect Hafez et al (1987), Hassan (1990), Shisong et al (1990) and Eaglesome et al (1995) recommended the hold of semen with antibiotics at incubation time for 30 min. ; 15 min.…”

“…For the antibiotic to be effective against bacteria, it must have exposure time or chance to act (Hafez, 1987). Many authors used different holding times for semen incubation ranged from 0 time up to 40 minutes (Qureshi et al, 1993;Shisong et al, 1990) respectively.…”