Control of Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus in commercial greenhouse production with agricultural disinfectants and resistant cucumber varieties

Ellouze, Walid; Mishra, Vachaspati; Howard, R. J.; Ling, Kai-Shu; Zhang, W.

doi:10.1101/2020.06.24.168302

Cited by 4 publications

References 45 publications

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Detection of tomato brown rugose fruit virus in environmental residues: the importance of contextualizing test results

Giesbers,

Vogel,

Skelton

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV) is regulated as a quarantine pest in many countries worldwide. To assess whether ToBRFV is present in cultivations, plants or seed lots, testing is required. The interpretation of test results, however, can be challenging. Real-time RT-PCR results, even though considered 'positive', may not always signify plant infection or indicate the presence of infectious virus, but could be due to the presence of viral residues in the environment. Here, case studies from the Netherlands, Belgium, and the United Kingdom address questions regarding the detection of ToBRFV in various settings, and the infectiousness of ToBRFV positive samples. These exploratory analyses demonstrate widespread detection of ToBRFV in diverse samples and environments. ToBRFV was detected inside and around greenhouses with no prior history of ToBRFV infection, on different materials and surfaces including those that were untouched by individuals, plants, or objects. This suggested the dispersal of viral residues through aerosols. ToBRFV or its residues were more often detected in areas with nearby tomato production yet were also found in a wider environment extending beyond infected crops. Given that ToBRFV originating from environmental contamination may or may not be infectious, adds complexity to decision-making in response to positive test results. Contextual information, such as the origin of the sample and the likelihood of residues from prior cultivations and/or the broader environment, is important for interpreting test results. A nuanced approach is crucial to correctly interpret ToBRFV test results, necessitating further research to support risk assessment.

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Detection of tomato brown rugose fruit virus in environmental residues: the importance of contextualizing test results

Giesbers,

Vogel,

Skelton

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Decontamination of Tomato Brown Rugose Fruit Virus-Contaminated Shoe Soles under Practical Conditions

et al. 2022

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Due to its global spread, easy mechanical transmissibility inside greenhouses, and detrimental effects on marketability, Tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV) is considered to be one of the biggest threats to tomato production. Regarding such crop epidemics, it is essential to identify all conceivable transmission routes and to interrupt them with effective decontamination strategies. We analyzed the potential efficacy of reliable shoe sole cleaning in combination with a disinfection measure. For this purpose, first, a suspension test was undertaken that involved applying different disinfectants to an infected plant homogenate. This was followed by a simulated carrier test. Finally, shoe-sole decontamination was tested under practical conditions. The extent of decontamination was determined by bioassays of the infectivity of the initial load remaining after treatment. Thereby, necrotic local lesions on the susceptible indicator plant Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi NN were counted. Recommendations for practical applications, based on suspension or simulated carrier tests, are limited in their applicability, since very short contact times between ToBRFV and disinfectants reduce efficacy. Under practical conditions, the approved disinfectant MENNO Florades was able to achieve complete inactivation of the virus in the disinfection mat following mechanical depletion from the shoe soles.

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Plant Disease Symptomatology: Cucumber Green Mottle Mosaic Virus (CGMMV)-Infected Cucumber Plants Exposed to Fluctuating Extreme Temperatures

Molad

Smith

Luria

et al. 2021

The 2nd International Electronic Conference on Plant Sciences—10th Anniversary of Journal Plants

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Control of Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus in commercial greenhouse production with agricultural disinfectants and resistant cucumber varieties

Cited by 4 publications

References 45 publications

Detection of tomato brown rugose fruit virus in environmental residues: the importance of contextualizing test results

Detection of tomato brown rugose fruit virus in environmental residues: the importance of contextualizing test results

Decontamination of Tomato Brown Rugose Fruit Virus-Contaminated Shoe Soles under Practical Conditions

Plant Disease Symptomatology: Cucumber Green Mottle Mosaic Virus (CGMMV)-Infected Cucumber Plants Exposed to Fluctuating Extreme Temperatures

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