Control of Dimorphism in a Biochemical Variant of
            <i>Candida albicans</i>

Mardon, D. N.; Balish, Edward; Phillips, Arthur W.

doi:10.1128/jb.100.2.701-707.1969

Cited by 69 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Many investigators have set about to describe environmental factors that control this expression of dimorphism. In some instances there are apparent contradictions among reported results (10,16,18). One possible source of confusion is the failure to recognize that when authors speak of "filamentation" by C. albicans some are referring to pseudohyphal formation (16) whereas others (19, 23) mean germ tube formation, and still others signify a combination of both germination and pseudohyphal formation with the term (10).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Germination of Candida albicans induced by proline

Dabrowa¹,

Taxer²,

Howard³

1976

Infect Immun

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Blastospores of Candida albicans germinated in a proline-biotin-buffer medium incubated at 37 C. Certain other amino acids in the glutamate, aspartate, and pyruvate families also fostered germination but generally to a lesser extent than did proline. L-Cysteine, D-proline, and certain structural analogues of Lproline inhibited proline-stimulated germination. The concentration of phosphate and glucose was crucial to amino acid-stimulated germination of C. albicans. Clinical isolates and stock cultures varied in their response to the germ tube-inducing activity of proline or other amino acids. The proline-buffer medium cannot be used in a diagnostic test for production of germ tubes by isolates of yeasts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Germination of Candida albicans induced by proline

Dabrowa¹,

Taxer²,

Howard³

1976

Infect Immun

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“…Among several factors that favour development of the hyphal form of C. albicans, the most important are amino acids [4,7], temperature [7] and external pH [8]. While fluctuations in levels of cyclic nucleotide [1,9], oxygen tension [5,10] and glucose metabolism [6,11,12] have been directly correlated to the morphogenesis of Candida albicans, the status of nutrients in dimorphism is yet to be elucidated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dimorphism-associated changes in amino acid transport of Candida albicans

Kaur¹

1988

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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SUMMARYAmino acid uptake was followed during pHregulated dimorphism of Candida albicans. It was observed that transport activities of various amino acids differed with the morphological phenotype. The uptake rates of L-alanine, L-phenylalanine and of L-lysine were lower and those of Lmethionine were higher in elongated hypha (germ tube), while the rates of glycine, L-glutamic acid and L proline were similar in bud and hyphal phenotypes. Minimum threshold of amino acids transport activity is required at the time of phenotypic commitment in a diverging population of Candida albicans.

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“…Generally, there seems to be a lower concentration of methionine in the walls of pseudohyphae with large amounts of S-adenosylmethionine in the vacuoles. Certain amino acids, including methionine, induce pseudohyphal growth in some strains of C. albicans (11). The prototrophic and auxotrophic strains studied here accumulated higher levels of Sadenosylmethionine when grown with methionine.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 73%

Morphology, Physiology, and Virulence of Some Mutants of Candida albicans

Savage

Balish

1971

Infect Immun

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Five mutagens were used to induce mutants of Candida albicans. Ultraviolet light, N-nitroso-N'-methyl-N-nitrosoguanidine, and N-nitroso-N-methylurethane were effective mutagens which induced stable auxotrophs. N-nitroso-N-methylurethane produced the largest number and variety of mutants. Nitrous acid and hydroxylamine were ineffective as mutagens although they killed C. albicans. All mutagenic agents employed induced colonial variants, especially small colony forms. The morphology, physiology, and virulence of one methionine and two adenine auxotrophs was compared to that of the prototroph. The auxotrophs exhibited yeastlike morphology in complex media and had sugar fermentation patterns typical of C. albicans, and all were agglutinated by C. albicans antiserum. Chlamydospore production was absent in the nonpigmented adenine mutant, and the chlamydospores produced by the methionine auxotroph were distorted. Germ tubes were formed in human serum by the auxotrophs and prototroph. Virulence for mice was retained by all auxotrophs but generally at a reduced level. The methionine auxotroph, only slightly less virulent than the prototroph, was more virulent than a pigmented adenine mutant and a practically avirulent nonpigmented adenine auxotroph. Candida albicans is generally considered to be an opportunistic yeast, showing pathogenicity toward hosts whose resistance is low. A characteristic of this organism that apparently contributes to its pathogenicity is the ability to convert to a filamentous form in vivo (8, 20). Numerous in vitro studies on the biochemistry of morphogenesis in this and other fungi indicate that sulfur metabolism is involved in the control of cellular form (11-15). This apparent biochemical relationship between morphogenesis and pathogenesis may be partially elucidated with the aid of biochemically deficient organisms. This study presents data on the induction of auxotrophs of C. albicans by various mutagenic agents, data on some of the biochemical and physiological characteristics of selected adenine or methionine auxotrophs, and data on their morphology and virulence for mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Microorganisms and media. The prototrophic C. albicans used in these investigations was a clinical isolate from the Medical Division, Oak Ridge Associ

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Control of Dimorphism in a Biochemical Variant of Candida albicans

Cited by 69 publications

References 33 publications

Germination of Candida albicans induced by proline

Germination of Candida albicans induced by proline

Dimorphism-associated changes in amino acid transport of Candida albicans

Morphology, Physiology, and Virulence of Some Mutants of Candida albicans

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