Control of Filtration Characteristics of Salt-water Muds

Gray, George R.; Foster, J.L.; Chapman, Tom

doi:10.2118/942117-g

Cited by 10 publications

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“…Organic colloids, particularly starch and modified starch, have for many years been used to overcome the deleterious effects of salt and anhydrite on drilling mud (Gray, Foster, and Chapman, 1942;Gray, 1947;Kennedy, 1948). One of the major problems associated with the use of starches, tannates, and gums as drilling-mud additives has been the control of fermentation brought about by microorganisms.…”

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Paraformaldehyde-Resistant Starch-Fermenting Bacteria in “Starch-Base” Drilling Mud

Myers¹

1962

Applied Microbiology

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Paraformaldehyde-resistant starchfermenting bacteria in "starch-base" drilling mud. Appl. Microbiol. 10:418-421. 1962-Starch-fermenting bacteria were found in each of 12 samples of nonfermenting starchbase drilling mud examined. Of the 12 samples, 3 contained very active starch-fermenting gram-positive spore-bearing bacilli closely resembling Bacillus subtilis. Similar active starch-fermenting bacteria were found in fermenting starch-base drilling mud and in corn starch and slough water used to prepare such mud. The active starch-fermenting microorganisms completely hydrolyzed 1 % (w/v) corn starch within 24 hr at 37.5 C. The active starch-fermenting bacteria isolated from fermenting drilling mud were capable of surviving 12 hr of continuous exposure to 0.1 % (w/w) paraformaldehyde or 1 hr of continuous exposure to 0.5 % (w/w) paraformaldehyde, with no diminution in starch-fermenting ability. The same organisms fermented starch after 3 hr of continuous

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Paraformaldehyde-Resistant Starch-Fermenting Bacteria in “Starch-Base” Drilling Mud

Myers¹

1962

Applied Microbiology

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Drilling Fluids

Clark¹

2000

Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology

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Drilling fluids (muds) play a vital role in the drilling of oil and gas wells. These muds are typically complex chemical mixtures formulated to perform a variety of functions under a wide range of down hole temperatures and pressures but yet are nondamaging to the environment and safe for personnel to handle. These fluids are circulated down the hollow drill string and up the annulus, formed by the drill string and the hole to remove formation material dislodged by the bit. The fluids must have sufficient density to offset formation pressures to prevent a blowout and to maintain a stable well bore but be formulated to prevent excessive loss of fluid to permeable formations. Other important functions include lubrication of the drill bit and drill string, collection of information about subsurface formations, and noncorrosivity to surface and down hole equipment. Drilling fluids are composed of liquids (water, petroleum oils, and other organic liquids), dissolved inorganic and organic additives, and suspended, finely divided solids of various types. The article describes drilling fluid classification, properties, materials, testing, economics, and environmental considerations.

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The Development of Drilling Fluids Technology

Darley¹,

Gray²

1988

Composition and Properties of Drilling and Completion Fluids

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Control of Filtration Characteristics of Salt-water Muds

Cited by 10 publications

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Paraformaldehyde-Resistant Starch-Fermenting Bacteria in “Starch-Base” Drilling Mud

Paraformaldehyde-Resistant Starch-Fermenting Bacteria in “Starch-Base” Drilling Mud

Drilling Fluids

The Development of Drilling Fluids Technology

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