Control of Fruit Tree Vigor Induced by Dwarfing Rootstocks

Basile, Boris; DeJong, Theodore M.

doi:10.1002/9781119521082.ch2

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 235 publications

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“…6). These observations are consistent with previous results on apple (Olien & Lakso 1986), peach (Basile et al 2003b;Solari et al 2006a) and cherry trees (Goncalves et al 2007) and lend more support to the water relations theory of rootstockinduced control of growth vigour (Basile & DeJong 2018).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Apart from the water relations, contrasting growth vigour may be related to the carbohydrate balance. In previous studies, rootstock‐induced dwarfism has been linked to starch immobilization within the root system, leading to reduced availability of soluble sugars for scion growth (Foster et al 2017; Basile & DeJong 2018). Increased accumulation of starch would be consistent with the higher proportions of bark and ray parenchyma observed in dwarfing rootstocks (Beakbane & Thompson 1940; Chen et al 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Linking wood anatomy with growth vigour and susceptibility to alternate bearing in composite apple and pear trees

2020

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• Excess vegetative growth and irregular fruit-bearing are often undesirable in horticultural practice. However, the biological mechanisms underlying these traits in fruit trees are not fully understood. Here, we tested if growth vigour and susceptibility of apple and pear trees to alternate fruit-bearing are associated with vascular anatomy. • We examined anatomical traits related to water transport and nutrient storage in young woody shoots and roots of 15 different scion/rootstock cultivars of apple and pear trees. In addition, soil and leaf water potentials were measured across a drought period. • We found a positive correlation between the mean vessel diameter of roots and the annual shoot length. Vigorously growing trees also maintained less negative midday leaf water potential during drought. Furthermore, we observed a close negative correlation between the proportions of total parenchyma in the shoots and the alternate bearing index. • Based on anatomical proxies, our results suggest that xylem transport efficiency of rootstocks is linked to growth vigour of both apple and pear trees, while limited carbohydrate storage capacity of scions may be associated with increased susceptibility to alternate bearing. These findings can be useful for the breeding of new cultivars of commercially important fruit trees.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking wood anatomy with growth vigour and susceptibility to alternate bearing in composite apple and pear trees

2020

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“…They have also been used to identify why the effects of breeding for early harvested varieties (Berman et al., 1998) and warmer spring weather (Lopez et al., 2011) tend to decrease yields. In addition, they have provided a means for testing how differences in xylem anatomy of rootstocks can influence the vigor of scions grafted on various rootstocks (Da Silva et al., 2015; Basile & DeJong, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulating fruit tree growth, structure, and physiology using L‐systems

DeJong

2022

Crop Science

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Simulation modeling of perennial fruit tree growth, structure, and physiology over multiple years is particularly difficult and has lagged behind modeling of other crops because fruit trees are indeterminate organisms that grow over several growing seasons, vary widely among individuals, and have their structures modified by variable pruning practices. Nearly 30 yr of research have been devoted to developing a mechanistic, virtual tree model to simulate peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] fruit tree growth, structure, and physiology. Details of much of this work have been published in several research papers in a variety of journals over a couple decades. The goal of this review is to report on the entire project and provide an overview of the approach we took in such an endeavor. This review contains excerpts of numerous previously published papers and some comments and conclusions about the value of the modeling that has occurred.

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“…Water potential regulates plant vigor [13][14][15], mineral nutrition enhances somatic traits through the stimulation of photosynthetic activity [16], whereas nitrogen excess causes excessive vigor, which in turn negatively affects flower initiation and fruit growth [17]. However, temperature plays a pivotal role in determining the developmental cycle of plants and the growth rate of vegetative and reproductive organs [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grapevine Response to Stress Generated by Excessive Temperatures during the Budburst

et al. 2022

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At springtime, the formation of stem somatic traits (stem elongation and leaf growth) and reproductive activity (flowering and fruit set) occur simultaneously. They are all competing carbon sinks, with an extremely high demand for carbohydrates. The shoot growth rate is strongly related to environmental temperature, which, according to climate change scenarios, is expected to increase also in extremes. Our hypothesis was that the increase in temperature during budburst could increase the vegetative carbon sink strength reducing the carbon stock available for the reproductive activity jeopardizing flowering of the next year. In our experiment, we artificially conditioned grapevine budburst by exposing the growing shoots to different temperature regimes. Higher temperatures during the spring vegetative growth favored shoot stem extension at the detriment of shoot leaf area. This caused a reduction in vine CO2 assimilation, which, combined with the competition of the growing vegetative organs, affected the concurrent reproductive activity, with carry-over effects on the following year, resulting in a limited flower initiation in dormant buds. These results suggest that the increase in springtime temperature can alter canopy development and vine physiology, resulting in the reduction in reproductive activity with an economical negative impact on grapevine productivity.

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Control of Fruit Tree Vigor Induced by Dwarfing Rootstocks

Cited by 16 publications

References 235 publications

Linking wood anatomy with growth vigour and susceptibility to alternate bearing in composite apple and pear trees

Linking wood anatomy with growth vigour and susceptibility to alternate bearing in composite apple and pear trees

Simulating fruit tree growth, structure, and physiology using L‐systems

Grapevine Response to Stress Generated by Excessive Temperatures during the Budburst

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