Control of Fusarium verticillioides on corn with a combination of Bacillus subtilis TM3 formulation and botanical pesticides

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the combination of Bacillus subtilis TM3 formulation with botanical pesticides in suppressing Fusarium verticilloides infection in corn. The research was carried out at the Plant Pathology Laboratory and the Experimental Farm of Indonesian Cereals Research Institute (ICERI) from February to November 2019. The research consisted of two stages, namely an in vitro test of antagonists of botanical pesticides against F. verticilloides using 5 types of plant extracts namely betel leaf extract, turmeric, galangal, cosmos, and clove leaf. The second stage was to test the effectiveness of the combination of the formulation of B. subtilis TM3 with the best 3 types of plant extracts in vitro testing in suppressing F. verticilloides infection in plants. The results of the in vitro study showed that the plant extracts of betel leaf, clove leaf and galangal had the best inhibitory ability on the mycelia growth of F. verticilloides . Meanwhile, the field test found that the application of the B. subtilis TM3 formulation, either alone or in combination with plant extracts, was able to suppress F. verticilloides infection. The combination of B. subtilis TM3 formulation with betel leaf extract showed the best inhibition of 20% against stem rot disease and 13.33% against corn cob rot. This treatment did not affect production quantitatively, but was able to suppress the decline in seed quality due to F. verticilloides infection. Seeds grown by the Plastic Rolled Paper Test (PRPT) method were not only infected with F. verticilloides , but also infected with other seed-borne pathogens, such as Aspergillus niger and A. falvus . The presence of these two pathogens did not inhibit the growth of F. verticilloides in kernels.

Taxonomic response of bacterial and fungal populations to biofertilizers applied to soil or substrate in greenhouse-grown cucumber

“…Our research showed biofertilizers significantly reduced Fusarium and Phytophthora , which was also reported by Sridharan and Suriani 41 , 42 . We also observed that some microbial biofertilizers significantly reduced fungal soil-borne pathogens, even when the cucumber plants were uprooted.…”

The Application of Botanical Pesticides to Control Fusarium Wilt on Asparagus Beans

“…Betel extract contains active compounds such as eugenol, chavibetol, and hydroxycavibetol (Naja et al, 2022), each of which has growth-inhibitory properties. In addition to interfering with fungus enzyme activity and metabolic processes and damaging cell membranes, botanical pesticides in betel extract inhibit sporulation (Suriani et al, 2021). Spores are an important reproductive form of fungi in the spread of disease (Odebode et al, 2020).…”

New corn resistant lines to stalk rot disease (Dickeya zeae) in Indonesia

“…The current control method for stalk rot in corn still favors synthetic pesticides. However, this requires substantial costs, and chemical residues are harmful to environmental sustainability (Odelade and Babalola 2019;Suriani et al 2021;Kanaan 2021;Mirsam et al 2021a). In addition, the use of pesticides can trigger pathogen gene mutations to become resistant, so these strains are difficult to control (Hobbelen et al 2014).…”