The alkenyl complexes [Ru{(E)‐C(CO2Me)=C(H)R}(η5‐C9H7){κ2‐P,P‐(S)‐peap}] [R = CO2Me (3), H (4)], [Ru{(E)‐CH=C(H)Ph}(η5‐C9H7){κ2‐P,P‐(S)‐peap}] (5) have been prepared by reaction of the hydride complex [RuH(η5‐C9H7){κ2‐P,P‐(S)‐peap}] (2) [(S)‐peap = (−)‐(S)‐N,N‐bis(diphenylphosphanyl)(1‐phenylethyl)amine] with an equimolar amount of dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate, or with an excess of the terminal alkynes methyl propiolate or phenylacetylene. Similarly, vinylalkenyl complexes 6a−d have been synthesized by the regio‐ and stereoselective reaction of the hydride complex 2 with 1‐ethynylcycloalkynols. Protonation of the vinylalkenyl moiety of complexes 6a,c,d with HBF4·OEt2 in diethyl ether afforded the cationic alkenylalkylidene complexes 7a−c. The structures of complexes [RuH(η5‐C9H7){κ2‐P,P‐(S)‐peap}] (2) and [Ru{(E)‐C(CO2Me)=CH(CO2Me)}(η5‐C9H7){κ2‐P,P‐(S)‐peap}] (3) have been determined by X‐ray diffraction methods. The catalytic activity of (alkenylalkylidene)(indenyl)ruthenium(II) complexes 7a−c, 8 and 9 in the ring‐closing metathesis (RCM) of diethyl diallylmalonate has been examined. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2002)