Control of Isomer Distribution of Straight-Chain Alkylbenzenes

Alul, H. R.

doi:10.1021/i360025a002

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…LABS are manufactured by sulphonation of linear alkylbenzenes (LAB) which in turn are traditionally synthesised by the Friedel−Crafts alkylation of benzene with α-olefins 1-5 by employing HF or AlCl 3 as catalyst or with chloroalkanes by using AlCl 3 . The final isomer distribution in the product LAB strongly depends on the nature and distribution of acidity (Brønsted or Lewis) and amount of catalyst, solvent, temperature and the position of the double bond in the starting olefin. − The position of the phenyl group and the alkyl chain length in LABS are important factors in determining their surface active properties and biodegradability. , Both HF and AlCl 3 being homogeneous acid catalysts lead to formation of all 5 isomers from 2- to 6-phenyldodecanes but with varying distribution 8 and these catalysts are a source of pollution and corrosion of reactors and pose disposal problems. Further, its being hazardous and highly corrosive, HF requires special handling and equipment design.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Linear Phenyldodecanes by the Alkylation of Benzene with 1-Dodecene over Non-Zeolitic Catalysts

Yadav

Doshi

2002

Org. Process Res. Dev.

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Linear alkylbenzenes (LAB) are typically manufactured by the alkylation of benzene and r-olefin, employing HF or AlCl 3 as catalyst. LAB are the precursors of linear alkylbenzene sulphonates (LABS) used in a variety of industries. Various acid catalysts are being explored by different researchers, and zeolites are claimed to be effective. The isomer distribution depends strongly on the type and nature of the catalyst and reaction conditions. The liquid-phase alkylation of benzene with 1-dodecene was examined by using several non-zeolites based on clays, pillared clays, and clay-supported heteropolyacids such as dodecatungstophosphoric acid (DTP), dodecatungstosilicic acid (DTS), and dodecamolybdophosphoric acid (DMP). The activities and selectivities of K-10 clay, 20% w/w heteropolyacids (DTP, DMP, and DTS) supported on K-10, Filtrol-24, Al pillared clay, 20% w/w DTP/silica,10% AlCl 3 /10% FeCl 3 /K-10, DTP, Cr-exchanged K-10, sulphated zirconia, Zr-exchanged K-10, and 20% DTP/activated carbon were evaluated. It was found that 20% w/w DTP/K-10 clay offered the best conversion with favourable product distribution. A molar ratio of 10:1 benzene/1-dodecene favoured the formation of linear dodecylbenzenes (LAB). However, with decreasing benzene concentration, the formation of didodecylbenzenes increased. The best parameters for the alkylation were established. A mechanistic and kinetic model was developed and validated against experimental data. Benzene alkylation was also accomplished with 1-octene, 1-decene, and 1-tetradecene under otherwise similar sets of conditions. It was found that the rate of benzene alkylation decreased with an increase in the chain length of r-olefin.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Linear Phenyldodecanes by the Alkylation of Benzene with 1-Dodecene over Non-Zeolitic Catalysts

Yadav

Doshi

2002

Org. Process Res. Dev.

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“…Alkylation is typically performed in industry by the reaction of alkanes and olefins in HF or H 2 SO 4 reactors . Benzene alkylation usually involves a Friedel−Crafts reaction of the phenyl ring with alkyl halides over an AlCl 3 catalyst. , Studies have also examined carbon−carbon bond formation with solid acids, , zeolites, molten salts, and transition metal complexes. , Carbon bond formation reactions have been studied on several metal surfaces, including organohalide reactions on Cu, − Au, , and Pd and methyl radical reactions on Pt ,− lubrication, and the properties of self-assembled monolayers .…”

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confidence: 99%

Toluene Formation from Coadsorbed Methanethiol and Benzenethiol on the Ni(111) Surface

1996

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“…However, the presence of positional isomers in 4,4 0 -di(alkyl) diphenyl methane disulfonate salt synthesized by the conventional alkylation reaction results in problems of high interfacial tension and poor surface activity [22,23]. To identify the relationship between the surfactant structure and properties, a single component product was synthesized using the Clemmensen reduction reaction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Properties of 4,4′‐Di(n‐Tetradecyl) Diphenyl Methane Disulfonate Salt

Kai

Wang

2016

J Surfact & Detergents

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The gemini surfactant, sodium 4,4 0 -di(n-tetradecyl) diphenyl methane disulfonate, has been synthesized in four steps with high yield and only one isomer. The structures of intermediate products were analyzed by 1 H-NMR spectrometry and elemental analysis. Mass spectrometry was applied to the analysis of the final product. The Krafft point, surface tension, and critical micelle concentration of the aqueous solution and the oilwater interfacial tension were measured. The results indicate that the gemini surfactant exhibits an ultra-low interfacial tension of 7.22 9 10 -3 mN/m, which shows potential applications for enhanced oil recovery.

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Control of Isomer Distribution of Straight-Chain Alkylbenzenes

Cited by 15 publications

References 9 publications

Synthesis of Linear Phenyldodecanes by the Alkylation of Benzene with 1-Dodecene over Non-Zeolitic Catalysts

Synthesis of Linear Phenyldodecanes by the Alkylation of Benzene with 1-Dodecene over Non-Zeolitic Catalysts

Toluene Formation from Coadsorbed Methanethiol and Benzenethiol on the Ni(111) Surface

Synthesis and Properties of 4,4′‐Di(n‐Tetradecyl) Diphenyl Methane Disulfonate Salt

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