Control of Morningglories (Ipomoeaspp.) in Sugarcane (Saccharumspp.)

Abstract

Morningglories are summer annual or perennial dicots, and are troublesome weeds in sugarcane cultivated in northern India. If not controlled, they may compete with sugarcane, interfere in the harvest operation, and reduce yields. Managing morningglories in sugarcane continues to be a serious challenge for sugarcane growers. Field experiments were conducted during the 3-yr period from 2007 to 2009 to evaluate herbicides applied PRE and POST for control of morningglories in sugarcane. The herbicides applied PRE included diuron, metribuzin, and atrazine at 1.6, 1.4, and 1.0 kg ai ha−1, respectively, applied alone or followed by 2,4-D amine salt (0.58 or 1.16 kg ae ha−1) or 2,4-D sodium salt (0.8 or 1.6 kg ae ha−1) applied POST. Herbicides applied PRE controlled morningglories ≤ 87% at 15 d after treatment (DAT); however, control reduced to ≤ 56% at 90 DAT. Control improved when herbicides applied PRE were followed by POST application of 2,4-D amine or sodium salt. For example, diuron applied PRE followed by 2,4-D amine salt applied POST at any rate provided 100% control of morningglories at 15 and 30 DAT. At 90 d after POST application, control ranged from 68 to 82% with the PRE followed by POST herbicides, compared to 0% control when metribuzin or atrazine were applied PRE alone. The density and biomass of morningglories was also reduced to zero in treatments that included 2,4-D amine salt. The number of millable canes, cane height, and single cane weight was superior in PRE followed by POST herbicide treatments compared to herbicides applied PRE alone. Maximum cane yield was recorded for the treatments that included 2,4-D amine or sodium salt compared to only PRE treatments, and it was usually comparable with the nontreated weed-free control. It is concluded that a combination of PRE and POST herbicides were effective for control of morningglories; however, more research is required to evaluate other herbicides and their tank mix partners for control of morningglories in sugarcane.

Differential susceptibility of morning glory (Ipomoea and Merremia) species to residual herbicides and the effect of drought periods on efficacy

“…It has been reported that competition with Ipomoea spp. can reduce sugarcane production by 36% (Bhullar et al, 2012). Carvalho et al (2014) observed that allowing I. hederifolia plants to coexist with corn crops reduced the growth of and accumulation of macronutrients by the corn plants with negative consequences for crop productivity and serious disturbances during mechanical harvesting when the weed is fully developed.…”

Levantamento fitossociológico das plantas daninhas em diferentes frutíferas de clima temperado no Município de Lavras – MG

“…I. nil (L.) Roth ou corda-de-viola também foi predominante no cultivo de figueira com um IVI de 74, planta daninha anual que apresenta hastes entrelaçadas, longo ciclo de vida e competição por nutrientes que reduz a produtividade das culturas, bem como dificulta a colheita mecanizada (Bhullar et al, 2012). Além disso, é uma hospedeira alternativa do nematóides do gênero Meloidogyne (Bellé et al, 2017).…”

Weed management in conservation agriculture in India

“…Weeds like Ipomoea spp. which germinate well in shade, under closed crop canopy, and twin around the crop plants (Bhullar et al 2012) could also be a problem in residue based CA systems. In CA, the presence of residue on the soil surface may influence soil temperature and moisture, which may affect weed seed germination and emergence patterns over the growing season.…”