Control of Sex in Cladocera. Iii. Localization of the Critical Period for Control of Sex

Banta, Arthur Mangun; Brown, Leland A.

doi:10.1073/pnas.15.2.71

Cited by 27 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…tration (380 x 103*ml-'). The experimental design was based on reports that at 25°C the stimulus for the production of male progeny by crowded females must act at least 4 h before the transfer of the eggs from the ovaries to the brood sac (Banta and Brown 1929;Banta and Stuart 1932). I found that rapid rates of particle disappearance were caused by the grazing activities of these females and their progeny, so that eggs of their second and third brood progeny were laid during the aforementioned time of sensitivity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous observations suggest that sex is not determined by chromosomal dimorphism (Banta and Brown 1939). Males and sexual female progeny may result from the operation of regulatory genes responding to physiological changes associated with a mother that has experienced a rapid decrease in ingestion rate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Early experiments with species of Moina indeed provided correlations between the production of sexual individuals and factors such as starvation (Stuart et al 1931a,b;Stuart and Banta 1931), crowding (Banta and Brown 1939), and quality of food (von Dehn 1950(von Dehn , 1956). Yet variability was extreme, and the exact roles of these parameters remained undefined because experimental conditions lacked adequate control.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Ingestion rate decrease as the stimulus for sexuality in populations of Moina macrocopa1

D’Abramo

1980

Limnology & Oceanography

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The stimulus for the switch from asexual to sexual reproduction in populations of Moina macrocopa americana is an abrupt decrease in ingestion rate caused by a rapid reduction in the amount of available food. When nearly constant ingestion rates are maintained, through the addition of either nutritive or nonnutritive particles, asexual females do not produce any male or sexual female progeny. The stimulus seems to be physical in nature. Sexuality in the Cladocera can be attributed to a varietv of environmental variables, all of which can significantly reduce ingestion rates.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ingestion rate decrease as the stimulus for sexuality in populations of Moina macrocopa1

D’Abramo

1980

Limnology & Oceanography

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“…Since the early 1900s much research has focused on determining what environmental cues influence sex determination in Daphnia (Banta & Brown, 1929;Hobaek & Larsson, 1990;Olmstead & LeBlanc 2001Kashian & Dodson, 2004;Palma et al, 2009). Not all species and clones of Daphnia produce males, but for those that do engage in sexual reproduction, sex is determined by environmental factors (Ferrari & Hebert, 1982), such as photoperiod, poor food quality, and by chemical signals due to high population densities (Hobaek & Larsson, 1990;Kleiven et al 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of the critical timing of sex determination in Daphnia magna (Crustacea, Branchiopoda) for use in toxicological studies

Ignace

Dodson²,

Kashian

2010

Hydrobiologia

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Daphnia are often used as test organisms to determine toxicity of chemicals found in the environment. Fecundity and mortality are the classic endpoints in such tests; however, there is increased interest in other sub-lethal endpoints. Most Daphnia reproduce by cyclic parthenogenesis, typically reproducing asexually to produce genetically identical females. Environmental cues trigger the production of males allowing for sexual reproduction. This ability to switch reproductive strategies has been increasingly used as a bioassay endpoint in screens for sub-lethal effects of contaminants. In order to optimize such test, it is necessary to know when sex is determined during Daphnia development. A previous study using the insect juvenile hormone methyl farnesoate has shown that sex determination occurred during the egg maturation period in Daphnia. Our study exposed female Daphnia magna carrying eggs and embryos at different stages of maturation, to the insecticide toxaphene to determine if the timing of sex determination is similarly influenced by a pesticide. Our results suggest that in response to toxaphene exposure sex is determined in the immature oocyte, before the final maturation cleavage, and before the developing egg is extruded into the brood chamber. Thus, sex determination is transgenerational, being determined while the egg is still immature and in the mother's ovary.

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“…It has long been known that females producing males under the effect of crowding chemicals are smaller in size than females laying parthenogenetic eggs (Banta and Brown 1929). However, the growth rate of the M. brachiata females that reproduced by parthenogenesis in the water crowded by conspecifics was even faster than in the control.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

The induction of diapause in Moina by species-specific chemical cues

Zadereev

Lopatina²

2006

Aquat Ecol

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The ability to change the reproduction mode and produce diapausing eggs, which is prevalent in many zooplankton species, significantly impacts on the evolution and ecology of aquatic communities. The production of diapausing eggs is controlled by multiple effects of biotic and abiotic factors, including infochemicals. We have investigated the effects of chemicals exuded by conspecifics and ecologically close competing congers, Moina brachiata and M. macrocopa, which coexist in the same water body, and by larger Cladocera species (Daphnia magna) on the change of reproduction mode, specific growth rate and fecundity of M. brachiata and M. macrocopa females. The production of gametogenetic eggs in both species was detected only in waters from crowded cultures of conspecifics. The water from crowded cultures of conspecifics reduced the specific growth rate of the juvenile females of both species that later switched to gametogenesis. While it either did not affect (in M. macrocopa) or even increase (in M. brachiata) the specific growth rate of the juvenile females that later reproduced by parthenogenesis. Females of M. macrocopa released significantly fewer neonates in the water from crowded cultures of conspecifics than in all other treatments, while the fecundity of M. brachiata females was the same in all treatments. To understand the phenomenon of diapause induction under the effect of chemical cues in zooplankton, a link between laboratory tests and ecological research should be established, and the chemical composition of the signals should be determined.

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Control of Sex in Cladocera. Iii. Localization of the Critical Period for Control of Sex

Cited by 27 publications

References 3 publications

Ingestion rate decrease as the stimulus for sexuality in populations of Moina macrocopa1

Ingestion rate decrease as the stimulus for sexuality in populations of Moina macrocopa1

Identification of the critical timing of sex determination in Daphnia magna (Crustacea, Branchiopoda) for use in toxicological studies

The induction of diapause in Moina by species-specific chemical cues

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