Control of spin-polarized current in a scanning tunneling microscope by single-atom transfer

Ziegler, Martin; Ruppelt, N.; Néel, N.; Berndt, Richard

doi:10.1063/1.3377917

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…W tips were fabricated from polycrystalline wire, which was chemically etched and annealed in vacuo prior to mounting. An eventual spin polarization of the tip was reduced by single-atom transfers from the tip to the surface [20]. To determine the spin-polarization spectra and maps of the differential conductance (dI=dV) were acquired from double-layer Fe islands, which in the case of a spin-polarized tunneling current give rise to clear spin contrast [1].…”

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confidence: 99%

Tunneling Anisotropic Magnetoresistance at the Single-Atom Limit

et al. 2013

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The tunneling anisotropic magnetoresistance (TAMR) of single Co atoms adsorbed on a double-layer Fe film on W(110) is observed by scanning tunneling spectroscopy. Without applying an external magnetic field the TAMR is found by comparing spectra of atoms that are adsorbed on the domains and domain walls of the Fe film. The TAMR can be as large as 12% and repeatedly changes sign as a function of bias voltage. First-principles calculations show that the hybridization between Co d states of different orbital symmetries depends on the magnetization direction via spin-orbit coupling. This leads to an anisotropy of the density of states and thus induces a TAMR.

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Tunneling Anisotropic Magnetoresistance at the Single-Atom Limit

et al. 2013

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“…To refer to the same absolute height we corrected for these differences [19,35]. The largest challenge in interpreting the Ir spectra is the unknown spin polarization P T of the tip, which is usually energy dependent and may be affected by tip modifications [21,36]. We therefore use established results from Fe domains [19,37], to deduce properties of the tip through a comparison of experiment and theory.…”

Section: Experimental and Theoretical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distance- and spin-resolved spectroscopy of iridium atoms on an iron bilayer

et al. 2016

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The induced spin polarization of Ir atoms on a ferromagnetic Fe double layer on W(110) has been investigated with spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy. An unoccupied state is observed with a spin polarization exceeding 60 % that is inverted with respect to the Fe layer. This inversion is due to the tunneling gap acting as an orbital and spin filter. Distance dependent measurements show that the spin polarization remains approximately constant over the entire experimentally accessible range, from far in the tunneling regime to 1Å from the point of contact formation. This is corroborated by density functional theory calculations which show that the inversion of spin polarization occurs within 0.5Å of the adatom.

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“…Cr on W is a leading candidate for the fabrication of antiferromagnetic scanning tunneling microscopy tips [1][2][3] despite being predicted to have a ferromagnetic ground state at 1 monolayer (ML) and being thermodynamically unstable at higher coverage. 4 The structure of the tip apex is key to its spin sensitivity and in a monocrystalline and epitaxial Cr on W tip was shown to form nanoclusters acting as nanotips.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 The structure of the tip apex is key to its spin sensitivity and in a monocrystalline and epitaxial Cr on W tip was shown to form nanoclusters acting as nanotips. 2 In growing thin films, it is possible to induce stress, strain, and imprint structural motifs by epitaxy, which further critically influence magnetic behavior. In some systems, alloying can also occur, as is seen for Cr on Pt(111); 5 however, for tungsten no intermixing is observed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromium nanostructures formed by dewetting of heteroepitaxial films on W(100)

et al. 2012

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In this paper, we report the surprising formation of square-based facetted islands with linear dimension of the order of 500 nm upon dewetting of a Cr multilayer on W(100). We show that these square islands are composed of inclined facets surrounding a depressed center such that the facet slopes inward with the outer edges of the islands thicker than the centers. The islands' shapes do not represent traditional equilibrium crystal shapes as expected for a Wulf construction. In situ UV and x-ray photoelectron emission microscopy allied to spatially resolved spectroscopy throws considerable light on the nature of the dewetting and shows that the metal surface between the islands remains covered by a thin pseudomorphic wetting layer of ∼1 ML. Low-energy electron diffraction and scanning tunneling and atomic force microscopies allow quantification of facet slopes, and we identify a predominance of tilted Cr(100) facets ± 5 • off of the substrate normal bound by (210) planes at ∼26 • . The epitaxial Cr islands adopt the bulk Cr lattice constant but are tilted with respect to the surface normal. We suggest that the Cr crystallite tilting creates a vicinal-like interface structure that determines the island morphology.

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Control of spin-polarized current in a scanning tunneling microscope by single-atom transfer

Cited by 20 publications

References 19 publications

Tunneling Anisotropic Magnetoresistance at the Single-Atom Limit

Tunneling Anisotropic Magnetoresistance at the Single-Atom Limit

Distance- and spin-resolved spectroscopy of iridium atoms on an iron bilayer

Chromium nanostructures formed by dewetting of heteroepitaxial films on W(100)

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