Control of steel reoxidation and CC nozzle clogging: an overview

Nadif, M.; Lehmann, J.; Burty, M.; Domgin, J.F.

doi:10.1051/metal:2007209

Cited by 21 publications

(37 citation statements)

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“…This steel flow through the SEN can be disturbed by nonmetallic inclusions which accumulate on the SEN's internal surface and lead to clogging of the SEN. This in turn can result in halted production, production losses, impaired quality and therefore increased costs [1][2][3][4]. During steelmaking the molten steel has a temperature of around 1600°C and if the SEN is at room temperature before being put in contact with the steel there is a high risk for thermal shock and resulting damage of the refractory base material (RBM).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This preheating of the SEN can initiate a decarburisation of the RBM, which can influence the casting process. Specifically, the effect on the clogging tendency of the molten steel during casting due to decarburisation has been studied by previous researchers [4][5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From a thermodynamically point of view, the decarburisation reactions are possible from temperatures as low as 550°C. Since the steelmaking temperatures are around 1600°C, the SENs have to be heated to temperatures where decarburisation definitely may occur [4][5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Studies of the decarburisation phenomena during preheating of submerged entry nozzles (SEN) in continuous casting processes

Svensson

Memarpour

Brabie

et al. 2016

Ironmaking & Steelmaking

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PostprintThis is the accepted version of a paper published in Ironmaking & steelmaking. This paper has been peer-reviewed but does not include the final publisher proof-corrections or journal pagination.Citation for the original published paper (version of record):Svensson, J., Memarpour, A., Brabie, V., Jönsson, P. (2016) Studies of the decarburisation phenomena duringpreheating of submerged entry nozzles (SEN) incontinuous casting processes. Decarburisation of the submerged entry nozzles (SEN) during the preheating process was investigated based on plant trials and thermodynamic modelling at three different steel plants. During the trials the preheating processes were mapped, the temperature profiles were registered and post mortem studies of the SENs with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed. Typically, the glass/silicon powder will form a dense and protective layer inside the SEN when heated over 1100°C. However, this study found that the temperature distribution inside the SEN did not always reach this critical temperature. Thus, decarburisation of the SEN was found at all steel plants. The overall results illustrate that the control of the pre-heating process needs to be improved at all steel plants. It is suggested that future research should be focused on the development of new coating materials to prevent decarburisation of the RBM, which would decrease the chances of clogging during casting. Ironmaking

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Studies of the decarburisation phenomena during preheating of submerged entry nozzles (SEN) in continuous casting processes

Svensson

Memarpour

Brabie

et al. 2016

Ironmaking & Steelmaking

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“…A conventional ladle shroud (CLS) is typically a straight bore nozzle made of refractory materials, serving as a flow channel between a ladle and a tundish to protect the liquid steel. While, the CLS was reported to be suffering several defects [7][8][9] , namely air pick-up, nozzle clogging, slag-eye around the ladle shroud etc., which need to be minimized or avoided. Apart from the newly-emerged swirling ladle shroud (SLS) [10] , dissipative ladle shroud (DLS) [6,11] and inert gas injection [12] , trumpet-shaped ladle shroud (TLS also known as bell-shaped ladle shroud) [8,13,14] is one of the designs that are widely applied in steelmaking plants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These effectively reduce the frequency of operation disruptions and enhance the production efficiency. Meanwhile, the TLS is capable of improving flow characteristics in a tundish [14] , minimizing molten steel turbulence [8] and eliminating slag entrapment [7,13] , thereby improving the steel cleanness with lower total oxygen (T.O) content and defects [9] . With the help of the TLS, a decreased folding rate was reported during cold rolling in Inland Steel Company [13] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Study of Fluid Flow and Mass Transfer in a Trumpet-Shaped Ladle Shroud Using Large Eddy Simulation

Zhang

Yan

et al. 2015

Metall Mater Trans B

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The advantages of trumpet-shaped ladle shrouds (TLS) have been frequently demonstrated over conventional straight-bore ladle shrouds (CLS) with respect to production efficiency and molten steel quality in continuous casting practices. The present study is to shed some lights on why the TLS are better than the CLS design by examining the fluid dynamics and mass transfer using large eddy simulation. The obtained numerical results were validated with particle imaging velocimetry experiments. Flow velocity, deformation, turbulent energy dissipation, and mixing kinetics of tracer were discussed. The results showed that the entering jet of the CLS flowed straight down into the tundish with a relatively high speed (average at 0.710 to 0.815 m/s) and turbulent kinetic energy. However, the trumpet section of a TLS intensified velocity differences, strain rates, and vortices, and promoted an increase on turbulence dissipation rate in the interior of the ladle shroud. The average speed of the entering jet to the tundish was decreased to 0.270 to 0.410 m/s from the 0.708 m/s of the inlet speed. The entering jet from the TLS swung, twisted and well mixed with surrounding fluid in the tundish, and dissipated its kinetic energy. Consequently, the turbulence of the whole flow field as well as the mean skin friction coefficient of tundish wall and the velocity of free liquid surface were reduced. A tracer experiment was carried out to study mass transfer and flow mixing behavior, and the results demonstrated that the use of the TLS increased the plug volume and decreased the dead zone, thereby enhancing inclusion flotation.

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Optimization of the Two‐ and Three‐Dimensional Characterization of Rare Earth‐Traced Deoxidation Products

et al. 2023

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Tracing by means of the light rare earths (REs), particularly La and Ce, is a state‐of‐the‐art method used to track deoxidation products during the steelmaking process. Traced heterogeneous multiphase inclusions are analyzed using scanning electron microscopy with energy‐dispersive spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) to perform a 2D characterization. The sequential chemical extraction technique is implemented for a 3D investigation to determine traced particles’ actual sizes and shapes. The automated SEM/EDS measurement must be optimized since RE oxides appear brighter in the backscattered electron images due to their high atomic numbers. Therefore, two grayscales are implemented for the detection of RE‐containing multiphase inclusions. Within this technique, individual RE‐traced heterogeneous nonmetallic inclusions (NMIs) are counted as separate particles. Thus, the measured NMIs must be recombined, which is achieved using a self‐developed MATLAB tool. The extracted particles are also analyzed by automated and manual SEM/EDS measurements to determine the 3D morphologies and sizes of traced NMIs.

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Control of steel reoxidation and CC nozzle clogging: an overview

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

Studies of the decarburisation phenomena during preheating of submerged entry nozzles (SEN) in continuous casting processes

Studies of the decarburisation phenomena during preheating of submerged entry nozzles (SEN) in continuous casting processes

A Comparative Study of Fluid Flow and Mass Transfer in a Trumpet-Shaped Ladle Shroud Using Large Eddy Simulation

Optimization of the Two‐ and Three‐Dimensional Characterization of Rare Earth‐Traced Deoxidation Products

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