Control of Tuberculosis in Pakistani Immigrants

Abstract

1565trations in benign conditions is a disadvantage. However, the failure to detect two out of three early carcinomas of the cervix precludes its use as a screening test in its present form. SummaryExperience with assays of 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase in vaginal fluid as a screen test for cervical carcinoma in parallel with cervical cytology is described. Among the 190 cases studied, three cases of carcinoma-in-situ were found. Two of the three carcinomas-in-situ did not have raised enzyme levels. Thirty-five patients had raised enzyme levels without carcinoma. The causes of high enzyme concentration in the absence of carcinoma and low concentration in carcinoma-in-situ as distinct from frank carcinoma are discussed.

Completing treatment for latent tuberculosis: patient background matters

“…In 1964, a publication by Edgar prized the act temporally restricting immigration providing -breathing-space in which some of the problems could be reviewed and tackled‖ and -if immigration continues at this rate the problem will be almost insoluble‖ (369). The essential of the problem, according to Edgar is that Pakistani immigrants with active TB arrived to Bradford -without medical check‖ and that there was a mixture of TST-positive and -negative reactors (≈ 15 %), the latter constituting the susceptible group.…”

Tuberculosis and ethnicity in England and Wales, 1950–70

“…Edgar argued, however, that since most of the migrants were single men, worked in hot humid conditions, spent their free time together and had poor diets (even though good meals were allegedly provided in the factories), the emphasis on the relief of overcrowding was of limited value. He concluded that if migrants continued to arrive without medical checks, the most elaborate systems after entry could not provide a solution, and some central form of control was necessary (Edgar 1964).…”

“…Thus, he argued, there were two sides to the issue ± it was both a question of`the tuberculous immigrant' and the`susceptible Pakistani' (Stevenson 1962(Stevenson : 1385. His colleague Dr William Edgar agreed that the arrivals in Bradford from Pakistan worked in the local textile trade, foundry work, public transport, and unskilled engineering, and he not only advocated the selective use of mass miniature radiography, and tuberculin-testing, but also supported attempts to reduce overcrowding (Edgar 1964).…”

Unusual Manifestations of Tuberculosis

“…The comparatively high rates of notification of tuberculosis in immigrants to the United Kingdom has been commented on by a number of workers (Stevenson 1962;Edgar 1964;Springett 1964) and it is in this immigrant population that manifestations of tuberculosis, often considered unusual or a typical, may more frequently be encountered than in the local population. The following case reports, mainly of immigrant patients seen in the Medical Unit of the Hospital for Tropical Diseases, illustrate the unusual lesions encountered.…”