Control Strategy on Two-/Four-Electron Pathway of Water Splitting by Multidoped Carbon Based Catalysts

Abstract

Overall photocatalytic water splitting can proceed through a four-electron or two-electron/twostep pathway. However, it is challenging to manipulate the two-or four-electron pathway. Here, we present that a nitrogen, sulfur, transition metal-codoped carbon based nanostructure, which exhibits reliable photocatalytic ability and satisfactory photostability in water splitting without a need of sacrificial agents. Note that in present system, the transition metal doped structure (M = 2 Cr, Cd, Fe, Zn) as a photocatalyst splits water into H2 and O2 through a two-electron pathway while rare earth (Re) elements (M = Re = Sm, Ce, Eu, Pr, Er) doped one as photocatalysts via a four-electron pathway and carbon dots herein work as an electron acceptor and a reduction cocatalyst.

Nanostructured Carbon Based Heterogeneous Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Alkaline Media

“…In addition, the N,S‐codoped carbons have also been regarded as considerable electrocatalysts for OER due to the synergic effect between N and S atoms . For instance, the N and S dual‐doped carbon nanotubes (N,S‐CNTs) were fabricated under the direction of Schiff‐base and Michael addition reaction via depositing polydopamine (PDA) onto the surface of multiwalled CNTs and chemically grafting with the thiol groups, followed by pyrolyzing treatment at 400 °C for 2 h and then 700 °C for 3 h (Figure c) .…”

Atomic‐Level Insight into Optimizing the Hydrogen Evolution Pathway over a Co1‐N4 Single‐Site Photocatalyst

“…Unfortunately, most of these water‐soluble molecular catalysts suffer from instability in aqueous solution or in acidic proton exchange membrane electrolysis . Polymeric photocatalyst materials such as graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C 3 N 4 ) have shown promising future in energy‐related catalytic reactions, which is due to their earth abundance and chemical stability . Recently, a linker‐controlled polymeric graphitic carbon nitride photocatalyst having oxygen and nitrogen species was developed to achieve robust photocatalytic H 2 evolution with an apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) of 10.3 % at 420 nm .…”

Effect of Nitrogen Doping Level on the Performance of N‐Doped Carbon Quantum Dot/TiO2 Composites for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution

“…Various NCDs‐decorated semiconductor (e.g., Ag 3 PO 4 , BiOBr, PbO 2 , etc.) hybrids have been reported, some achieving high photocatalytic efficiencies . Recently, N‐doping‐induced charge transfer enhancement has been at the forefront of this field and is considered to be a useful tool for improving the photocatalytic performance of NCDs‐based materials .…”