Controllability of pore characteristics of resorcinol–formaldehyde carbon aerogel

Horikawa, Toshihide; Hoshino, Junichi; Muroyama, Katsuhiko

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2004.02.016

Cited by 183 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Images taken at the highest magnification reveal the typical granular structure known for carbon aerogels, xerogels or cryogels based on resorcinol-formaldehyde or on other resins [1,[22][23][24][25][26]. Connected nodules are seen, whose diameter was independent of the R/W ratio, as reported previously [24,27].…”

Section: Pore Structure Of Arf Activated Carbon Cryogelssupporting

confidence: 74%

Bimodal activated carbons derived from resorcinol-formaldehyde cryogels

Szczurek

Amaral-Labat

Fierro

et al. 2011

Science and Technology of Advanced Materials

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Resorcinol-formaldehyde cryogels prepared at different dilution ratios have been activated with phosphoric acid at 450• C and compared with their carbonaceous counterparts obtained by pyrolysis at 900• C. Whereas the latter were, as expected, highly mesoporous carbons, the former cryogels had very different pore textures. Highly diluted cryogels allowed preparation of microporous materials with high surface areas, but activation of initially dense cryogels led to almost non-porous carbons, with much lower surface areas than those obtained by pyrolysis. The optimal acid concentration for activation, corresponding to stoichiometry between molecules of acid and hydroxyl groups, was 2 M l −1 , and the acid-cryogel contact time also had an optimal value. Such optimization allowed us to achieve surface areas and micropore volumes among the highest ever obtained by activation with H 3 PO 4 , close to 2200 m 2 g −1 and 0.7 cm 3 g −1 , respectively. Activation of diluted cryogels with a lower acid concentration of 1.2 M l −1 led to authentic bimodal activated carbons, having a surface area as high as 1780 m 2 g −1 and 0.6 cm 3 g −1 of microporous volume easily accessible through a widely developed macroporosity.

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Section: Pore Structure Of Arf Activated Carbon Cryogelssupporting

confidence: 74%

Bimodal activated carbons derived from resorcinol-formaldehyde cryogels

Szczurek

Amaral-Labat

Fierro

et al. 2011

Science and Technology of Advanced Materials

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“…There are many parameters affecting the properties of carbon gels, but it has been firmly established that the amount of catalyst (pH) is the main variable determining both the structure and texture [17,19,20]. Job et al [21] demonstrated that, for a given set of synthesis variables, it is possible to tailor the mesopore size by fixing the initial pH in a narrow range.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 98%

Nanostructured mesoporous carbons: Tuning texture and surface chemistry

Enterría

Figueiredo

2016

Carbon

160

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“…Due to the nanoporosity (pore size less than 100 nm) the samples were dried with supercritical carbon dioxide to avoid shrinkage otherwise caused by high surface tension gradients [2]. Several investigations have been published on the impact of synthesis and gelation conditions [3][4][5], influence of catalyst type [6] and pH value [7], catalyst and resorcinol amounts [8,9], and drying method [10,11] on the properties of RF aerogels. In contrast, only few studies exist on mechanical properties of RF aerogels [12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From hard to rubber-like: mechanical properties of resorcinol–formaldehyde aerogels

et al. 2015

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Four types of resorcinol-formaldehyde (RF) aerogels, stiff, brittle, low-flexible, and super-flexible are studied in this work. Despite several studies on mechanical properties on RF aerogels their response when exposed to compressive loading and their fracture behavior are not well investigated. Here, we cover aerogels with a very broad density range of 0.08-0.3 g cm -3 and compressive moduli from 0.12 to 28 MPa. We relate the microstructure of the synthesized aerogels and their behavior under uniaxial compression. Additionally, this work is the first, to our knowledge, to implement the usage of digital image correlation for characterizing the deformation of RF aerogels. The comparison of surface strain distribution of four types of aerogels provides an insight to their reaction on compressive loading.

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Controllability of pore characteristics of resorcinol–formaldehyde carbon aerogel

Cited by 183 publications

References 26 publications

Bimodal activated carbons derived from resorcinol-formaldehyde cryogels

Bimodal activated carbons derived from resorcinol-formaldehyde cryogels

Nanostructured mesoporous carbons: Tuning texture and surface chemistry

From hard to rubber-like: mechanical properties of resorcinol–formaldehyde aerogels

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