Controllable fabrication of a hybrid containing dodecyl dihydrogen phosphate modified magnesium borate whisker/hydrated alumina for enhancing the fire safety and mechanical properties of epoxy resin

Zou, Sai; Lan, Shengjie; Dang, Li; Li, Ping; Zhu, Donghai; Li, Le

doi:10.1039/d1ra08289b

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…This is because of the superior catalytic carbonization ability of ODOPB and the quenching effect of PO• free radicals. This shows that an organic–inorganic hybrid can further enhance the flame retardant and smoke suppression effect of EP composites 25,66,67 . These results indicate that the MH@ZB‐ODOPB exhibited superior flame retardancy and smoke suppression effect on EP as compared to the most halogen‐free flame retardants reported previously (Table S1).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 69%

“…As shown in Figure 6d–f, the absorption intensity of the peaks of hydrocarbons, carbonyl compounds, and aromatic compounds in the spectrum of EP4 is considerably lower than that in the spectrum of neat EP. Additionally, the amount of toxic gas CO released considerably decreases (Figure 6g), but the amount of the noncombustible gas CO 2 released increases (Figure 6h), indicating less smoke production and less “fuel” feedback to the flame zone, reducing the release of smoke and heat 67 . These results indicate that the carbon layer formed by EP4 acts as a physical insulating layer, preventing the diffusion of volatile products and toxic gases into the gas phase.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Additionally, the amount of toxic gas CO released considerably decreases (Figure 6g), but the amount of the noncombustible gas CO 2 released increases (Figure 6h), indicating less smoke production and less "fuel" feedback to the flame zone, reducing the release of smoke and heat. 67 These results indicate that the carbon layer formed by EP4 acts as a physical insulating layer, preventing the diffusion of volatile products and toxic gases into the gas phase. Additionally, PO• released by ODOPB in the fire can trap HO• and H•, which can terminate the chain reaction via a free radical chain reaction during combustion .…”

Section: Gaseous Phasementioning

confidence: 87%

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Flame retardancy and smoke suppression effect of an organic–inorganic hybrid containing phosphaphenanthrene‐modified magnesium hydroxide/zinc borate on epoxy resin

et al. 2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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To improve the flame retardancy and smoke suppression effect of epoxy resin (EP), a new organic–inorganic hybrid (MH@ZB‐ODOPB) was fabricated. First, hierarchical‐structured particles (MH@ZB) were prepared by gradually depositing zinc borate (ZB) on the surface of magnesium hydroxide (MH) via a heterogeneous deposition process. Second, MH@ZB was modified with 10‐(2,5‐dihydroxyphenyl)‐10‐hydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐phospha‐phenanthrene‐10‐oxide (ODOPB) to obtain MH@ZB‐ODOPB. Finally, the chemical structure and form of MH@ZB‐ODOPB were analyzed via X‐ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The characterization results show that ZB was loaded onto the surface of MH, and ODOPB was grafted on the surface of MH@ZB. The cone calorimetry test results show that when 7.5 wt% MH@ZB‐ODOPB was added into EP, the peak heat release rates, total heat release, total smoke production, and peak smoke production rates decreased by 51.8%, 42.4%, 58.1%, and 66.1%, respectively. Moreover, EP/MH@ZB‐ODOPB exhibited a limiting oxygen index of 33%. These results show that the incorporation of MH@ZB‐ODOPB into EP composites considerably improved the flame retardancy and smoke suppression properties of EP composites. The double action of MH@ZB‐ODOPB in condensed and gas phases was investigated by analyzing the carbon residue and pyrolysis gas. Furthermore, the implementation of ODOPB improves the mechanical properties of EP composites.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Gaseous Phasementioning

confidence: 87%

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Flame retardancy and smoke suppression effect of an organic–inorganic hybrid containing phosphaphenanthrene‐modified magnesium hydroxide/zinc borate on epoxy resin

et al. 2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Preparation, growth mechanism, and application of Mg2B2O5 whiskers: A review

Liu,

Wang,

Pan

et al. 2023

Progress in Crystal Growth and Characterization of Materials

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Organic–Inorganic Modification of Magnesium Borate Rod by Layered Double Hydroxide and 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane and Its Effect on the Properties of Epoxy Resin

Zou

Dang

et al. 2022

Polymers

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To alleviate the safety hazards associated with the use of epoxy resin (EP), a multifunctional filler was designed. This study firstly combines the superior mechanical properties of magnesium borate rods (MBR) with the excellent smoke suppression and flame-retardant characteristics of layered double hydroxide (LDH). H2PO4− intercalated LDH (LDHP) was coated on the MBR surface to obtain inorganic composite particles MBR@LDHP. Subsequently, MBR@LDHP was modified with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APES) to obtain organic-inorganic composite particles MBR@LDHP-APES. Eventually, the hybrid particles were added to EP to prepare the composite materials. Thereafter, the morphology, composition, and structure of MBR@LDHP-APES were characterized utilizing scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results indicated the successful preparation of MBR@LDHP-APES, after which we investigated the effects of MBR@LDHP-APES on the smoke suppression, flame retardancy, and mechanical characteristics of EP. As observed, the EP composites containing 7.5 wt% MBR@LDHP-APES exhibited superior smoke suppression and flame retardancy abilities. The limiting oxygen index reached 33.5%, which is 36.73% greater than pure EP, and the lowest values of total heat and smoke release were observed for the composite materials. In addition, the mechanical properties test revealed that MBR@LDHP-APES considerably enhanced the tensile strength as well as the flexural strength of the composites. Furthermore, mechanistic studies suggested that the barrier effect of MBR, endothermic decomposition of LDHP, and the synergistic effect of LDHP and APES contributed essentially to the smoke suppression and flame-retardant properties of the material. The findings of this research point to a potential method for enhancing the EP’s ability to suppress smoke and flames while enhancing its mechanical properties.

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Controllable fabrication of a hybrid containing dodecyl dihydrogen phosphate modified magnesium borate whisker/hydrated alumina for enhancing the fire safety and mechanical properties of epoxy resin

Abstract: A novel hybrid containing dodecyl dihydrogen phosphate modified magnesium borate whisker/hydrated alumina (MBW@HA–DDP) was fabricated with good flame retardant and reinforcing properties for epoxy resin (EP).

Cited by 3 publications

References 44 publications

Flame retardancy and smoke suppression effect of an organic–inorganic hybrid containing phosphaphenanthrene‐modified magnesium hydroxide/zinc borate on epoxy resin

Flame retardancy and smoke suppression effect of an organic–inorganic hybrid containing phosphaphenanthrene‐modified magnesium hydroxide/zinc borate on epoxy resin

Preparation, growth mechanism, and application of Mg2B2O5 whiskers: A review

Organic–Inorganic Modification of Magnesium Borate Rod by Layered Double Hydroxide and 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane and Its Effect on the Properties of Epoxy Resin

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