Controllable Shrinking and Shaping of Glass Nanocapillaries under Electron Irradiation

Steinbock, Lorenz J.; Steinbock, Julian F.; Radenović, Aleksandra

doi:10.1021/nl400304y

Cited by 58 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The Radenovic group [70] reported the use of small (≥10 nm diameter) quartz nanopipettes prepared by SEM-induced shrinking of larger nanocapillaries (the technique recently developed in the same laboratory [71]) for resistive-pulse sensing of single dsDNA molecules. A typical problem in nanopipette fabrication with a laser puller is that the pipette with a smaller orifice radius usually has a longer tapper, resulting in the higher solution resistance and lower signal.…”

Section: Resistive-pulse and Rectification Sensing Of Biomolecules Wimentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistive-pulse and rectification sensing with glass and carbon nanopipettes

Wang

Mirkin

2017

Proc. R. Soc. A.

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Along with more prevalent solid-state nanopores, glass or quartz nanopipettes have found applications in resistive-pulse and rectification sensing. Their advantages include the ease of fabrication, small physical size and needle-like geometry, rendering them useful for local measurements in small spaces and delivery of nanoparticles/biomolecules. Carbon nanopipettes fabricated by depositing a thin carbon layer on the inner wall of a quartz pipette provide additional means for detecting electroactive species and fine-tuning the current rectification properties. In this paper, we discuss the fundamentals of resistivepulse sensing with nanopipettes and our recent studies of current rectification in carbon pipettes.

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Section: Resistive-pulse and Rectification Sensing Of Biomolecules Wimentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistive-pulse and rectification sensing with glass and carbon nanopipettes

Wang

Mirkin

2017

Proc. R. Soc. A.

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“…14,15 The possibility to image and shrink nanocapillaries without the need to coat the glass with a conducting layer has expanded the capabilities of this new source of nanopores. 16 Small diameters have the ability to increase the signalto-noise ratio because they cause higher signal amplitudes for translocating DNA. This has important consequences since it allows for detecting and differentiating smaller molecules, which is especially important in DNA sequencing or protein detection.…”

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confidence: 99%

DNA Translocation through Low-Noise Glass Nanopores

et al. 2013

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olid-state nanopores for single-molecule detection of DNA were first used in 2001 by Li et al., who were able to detect double-stranded (ds) DNA when it was translocated through the nanopore. 1 To fabricate this nanopore, an electron beam from a transmission electron microscope (TEM) was focused on a few nanometer thick silicon nitride membrane. The membrane separates two reservoirs containing a salt solution, across which an electric potential was applied. This causes an ionic current that is measured and depends on parameters such as salt concentration and the dimension of the nanopore. Nanopores are a useful technique to detect charged single molecules, which can be forced to translocate through the nanopore by the electric field. The volume displaced by the molecule can be sensed, because when it enters the nanopore, there is a reduction in the ionic current at high salt concentrations. 2 The ability to precisely control the size of the nanopore is crucial to sense small molecules since the amplitude of the conductance drop increases with smaller diameters. An early technique used the electron beam of an already drilled nanopore to shrink it to any desired diameter. 3 The electron beam would heat up the silicon membrane around the nanopore, reducing the size of the pore due to the surface stress and the increased mobility of the heated atoms. The method of pore shrinking with a transmission electron microscope was soon expanded to other instruments such as scanning electron microscopes or lasers, which were able to locally heat up a material. 4À6 An opposite approach was reported by Beamish et al. by enlarging solidstate nanopores using a high electric field. 7 An inexpensive alternative to solid-state nanopores in silicon membranes is laser pulled glass nanocapillaries, which have a conical shape and a very small orifice at their tip. 8 It was shown that they are able to sense the folding state of translocating dsDNA on the single-molecule level. 9

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“…To satisfy specific application requirements, various materials such as biological, [15] inorganic, [16] organic, [17] and composite materials [18] have been used to fabricate artificial nanochannels. Currently, nanochannels with diverse shapes and structures can be obtained using different techniques and Smart bioinspired nanochannels exhibiting ion-transport properties similar to biological ion channels have attracted extensive attention.…”

Section: Materials and Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smart Bioinspired Nanochannels and their Applications in Energy‐Conversion Systems

Fan

Liu

et al. 2017

Advanced Materials

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materials. For example, nanochannels fab ricated in elastic materials can respond to an applied pressure, [4] and conical nanochannels in poly(ethylene tereph thalate) (PET) membranes can respond to pH. [5] Thus, it is convenient to achieve simple responsive properties by directly using responsive materials to construct the nano channels. The second route is an indirect method, where functional molecules and materials are modified onto the inner surfaces of nanochannels. This method can change the physical and chemical properties of nanochannels to make the system more intelligent. [6] Smart bioinspired nano channels with different shapes and compositions have been fabri cated, and these nanochannels can respond to various stimuli, such as pH, [7] light, [8] temperature, [9] specific ions, [10] and mole cules. [11] Compared with their fragile biological counterparts, smart bioinspired nanochannels possess excellent mechanical robustness, controllable geometry, tunable surface properties, and good chemical stability. [12] These advantages make them useful for many potential applications, ranging from molecular filters to biosensors to energy conversion devices. [13] Smart bioinspired nanochannels not only provide a basic research platform to simulate the ion transport process in living bodies, but also boost the generation of energy conver sion devices. In nature, ion channels can be used as switches to regulate mass transport and energy conversion. Learning from nature, numerous energy conversion systems based on artificial ion channels have been devised, [14] which are of great significance for the development of sustainable energy. Here, we summarize recent advances in the fabrication of smart bioinspired nanochannels and highlight their applications in energy conversion systems. Recent Advances in the Fabrication of Smart Bioinspired Nanochannels Materials and TechniquesThe fragility and instability of biological ion channels have motivated the development of smart bioinspired nanochan nels. To satisfy specific application requirements, various materials such as biological, [15] inorganic, [16] organic, [17] and composite materials [18] have been used to fabricate artificial nanochannels. Currently, nanochannels with diverse shapes and structures can be obtained using different techniques and Smart bioinspired nanochannels exhibiting ion-transport properties similar to biological ion channels have attracted extensive attention. Like ion channels in nature, smart bioinspired nanochannels can respond to various stimuli, which lays a solid foundation for mass transport and energy conversion. Fundamental research into smart bioinspired nanochannels not only furthers understanding of life processes in living bodies, but also inspires researchers to construct smart nanodevices to meet the increasing demand for the use of renewable resources. Here, a brief summary of recent research progress regarding the design and preparation of smart bioinspired nanochannels is presented. Moreover, representative applications ...

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Controllable Shrinking and Shaping of Glass Nanocapillaries under Electron Irradiation

Cited by 58 publications

References 33 publications

Resistive-pulse and rectification sensing with glass and carbon nanopipettes

Resistive-pulse and rectification sensing with glass and carbon nanopipettes

DNA Translocation through Low-Noise Glass Nanopores

Smart Bioinspired Nanochannels and their Applications in Energy‐Conversion Systems

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