Controllable synthesis and evolution mechanism of monodispersed Sub-10 nm ZrO2 nanocrystals

Leveraging Crystallization Pathway to Control Structure in Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 Nanoparticles

“…[30] The branched structures (Figure 5) and smaller aggregates (Figure 4c) with a single crystallographic orientation observed in samples that undergo freeze drying bear a significant resemblance to other nanostructured materials formed by nanoparticle attachment. [34,47,60] Here, we hypothesize that the amorphous particles attach during drying, forming higher surface area structures, which encourages the stabilization of the cubic phase during crystallization. The occurrence of a CPA mechanism leads to these observed structures (Figure 4c and 5) and correlates with the cubic crystallite size observed by XRD (Figure 2 and Table 1).…”

“…[40][41][42] Nonclassical crystallization occurring through amorphous intermediates has been shown for HfO 2 , [12] ZrO 2 , [43] and yttria-stabilized ZrO 2 . [44] Nonclassical crystallization pathways for particles have been proposed in ZrO 2 by oriented attachment or oriented aggregation mechanisms, [45][46][47][48][49][50] where the amount of aggregation or attachment has been shown to influence the crystallographic phases that form. [47,48,51] Here, the phase evolution of Hf 0.5 Zr 0.5 O 2 nanoparticles from an intermediate amorphous phase is presented.…”

“…[44] Nonclassical crystallization pathways for particles have been proposed in ZrO 2 by oriented attachment or oriented aggregation mechanisms, [45][46][47][48][49][50] where the amount of aggregation or attachment has been shown to influence the crystallographic phases that form. [47,48,51] Here, the phase evolution of Hf 0.5 Zr 0.5 O 2 nanoparticles from an intermediate amorphous phase is presented. In this work, an aqueous reverse coprecipitation method is used to form an intermediate amorphous phase.…”

“…[ 44 ] Nonclassical crystallization pathways for particles have been proposed in ZrO 2 by oriented attachment or oriented aggregation mechanisms, [ 45–50 ] where the amount of aggregation or attachment has been shown to influence the crystallographic phases that form. [ 47,48,51 ]…”

Silica@zirconia Core@shell Nanoparticles for Nucleic Acid Building Block Sorption

“…Some research groups studied its potential as a drug delivery nanocarrier [14][15][16]. However, as the size and shape control of sol-gel-derived pure and colloidally stable zirconia particles has only been achieved for diameters <10 nm [17][18][19][20] and >200 nm [21], researchers started to use organic (such as bacterial or polymeric) or inorganic templates for zirconia deposition [15,[22][23][24][25][26][27]. In the last step of the template removal, these procedures all apply a thermal treatment to the particles, which was, however, shown to lower the amount of ligand-adsorbing sites on the surface of zirconia due to recrystallization into a tetragonal form and decrease the number of surface defects [16,28].…”