Controlled Curcumin Release from Hydrogel Scaffold Platform Based on 2‐Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate/Gelatin/Alginate/Iron(III) Oxide

Abstract

types of research to develop adequate substrates for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine since these adaptable materials provide a stable hydrogel platform for cell adhesion, proliferation, differentiation as well as for efficient controlled delivery of active agents. [1,2] Among high capacity of fluid absorption, biocompatibility, structural similarity to the ECM, and biodegradability, hydrogels also possess the rich and reproducible chemistry which provides numerous possibilities for the design of scaffolds for different cell cultures. [1] Nature has been inspiring scientists and engineers to mimic its highly functional biopolymeric systems. [3] In this sense, polypeptide-and polysaccharidebased hydrogels are recognized as excellent candidates for the preparation of scaffolds due to high biocompatibility, hydrophilicity, non-toxicity, and biodegradability. [4,5] However, the weak mechanical properties of these hydrogels due to the ability to absorb large amounts of fluid significantly limit application in soft tissue engineering. [6] Alginates are polysaccharide based, linear block copolymers, biocompatible, and biodegradable under physiological conditions. [7,8] Its natural origin and simple extraction process from brown algae biomass make them readily available and commonly used polymer for tissue engineering. [9] However, pure alginate-based hydrogels possess poor structural integrity and limited mechanical properties, thus inadequate handling and stability properties. [10] Gelatin is protein based biopolymer, obtained by partial hydrolyzing of collagen. Gelatin is one of the major components of bone ECM which efficacy promotes cell attachment, proliferation, and differentiation. [11-13] Moreover, excessive swelling capacity also significantly decreases the mechanical strength of gelatin-based materials. For that reason, the development of gelatin and alginate based hydrogels with porous, flexible, and mechanically suitable 3D architecture is still in primary stages of research. [12] Numerous studies have reported that hydrogels composed of natural and synthetic polymers and inorganic compounds have become more appropriate in the field of regenerative medicine The strategy of combining polymers of natural and synthetic origin with inorganic components to use their unique synergistic effect for the development of the novel, sophisticated, and efficient 3D polymeric biomaterials, whose structure and properties mimic the extracellular matrix and simultaneously represent the suitable hydrogel platform for controlled drug release, is presented. The novel versatile 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate/gelatin/ alginate/iron(III) oxide based hydrogels are prepared by a simple but effective method-modified porogenation. Chemical composition, morphology, swelling capacity, porosity, mechanical properties, effects on cell viability, and in vitro degradation are tested to correlate the material's composition with the corresponding properties. The hydrogels show an interconnected porous microstructure, satisfactory mech...

Degradable 2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate/Gelatin/Alginate Hydrogels Infused by Nanocolloidal Graphene Oxide as Promising Drug Delivery and Scaffolding Biomaterials

“…To develop the kinetics of curcumin release from PHEMA/G/A/GO hydrogels, five different kinetics models were used [ 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 ]. The first 60% of in vitro obtained curcumin release data for PHEMA/G/A/GO hydrogels was fitted; calculated parameters are presented in Figure 6 .…”

“…Drug loading and entrapment efficiency, in vitro controlled release study and analysis of the active agent transport mechanism: Curcumin was loaded into the hydrogels using the swelling-diffusion method; curcumin was firstly dissolved in phosphate buffer solution pH 8.00 and then the xerogels were swollen in 5 mL of curcumin solution to reach an equilibrium state [ 50 ]. Curcumin release from the PHEMA/G/A/GO hydrogels was conducted in vitro in a basket stirrer containing 15 mL of release medium (phosphate buffer pH 8.0) at 37 ± 0.5 °C.…”

“…The amount of the released curcumin was measured by taking absorbance of the solution containing released curcumin at regular time intervals using UV/Vis spectrophotometer (Shimadzu UV/Vis Spectrophotometer UV-1800) at λ max value of 430 nm. To evaluate the release kinetics, the first 60% of the in vitro-obtained curcumin release data of the PHEMA/G/A/GO hydrogels was fitted to the different kinetic models [ 50 , 56 ].…”

Nano‐curcumin/graphene platelets loaded on sodium alginate/polyvinyl alcohol fibers as potential wound dressing

“…Controlled and gradual release of NCur was observed in both of the mats. Approximately 80% of the loaded curcumin has been released from the scaffolds after 24 h. The observed rate of curcumin release was comparable to that of the polycaprolactone 52 and 2‐Hydroxyethyl methacrylate/Gelatin/Alginate/Iron (III) Oxide hydrogels 53 and two folds higher than the release rate of curcumin from the chitosan/collagen/alginate scaffolds 54…”

Polymeric Nanoplatforms for the Delivery of Antibacterial Agents

“…[11] Due to the rise of antibiotic-resistant bacteria as well as refractory biofilms, it is very necessary to develop new delivery strategies to improve the therapeutic efficacy of antibacterial agents. [12][13][14] Various drug delivery systems (DDS) are then developed, which can achieve selective drug accumulation, smart drug release, etc. [15][16][17] This strategy shows great potential in the treatment of various diseases, including cancer, bacterial infection, inflammation infection, etc.…”