Controlled Electrodeposition of Graphene Oxide Doped Conductive Polymer on Microelectrodes for Low-Noise Optogenetics

Wang, Minghao; Guo, Bangbang; Ji, Bowen; Ye, Fan; Wang, Gaofeng; Ye, Liushun; Chen, Ying; Cheng, Yuhua; Dong, Linxi

doi:10.1109/led.2021.3051617

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…With the increase of the integration degree of the optrodes, the illumination can induce optical artifacts to interfere with the microelectrode/electrolyte interface and contaminate the recorded neural signals [ 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 ]. In order to get a higher signal-to-noise ratio for the measured neural signal, eliminating optical artifacts becomes an important function for optrodes [ 29 , 33 , 49 ], so it is necessary to investigate the influence of light upon the charge transfer on the interface. Photostability was introduced to represent the stability of the interfaces made by different surface materials under illumination for further comparison.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the Surface Material and Illumination upon the Performance of a Microelectrode/Electrolyte Interface in Optogenetics

Shen

Xiao

et al. 2021

Micromachines

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Integrated optrodes for optogenetics have been becoming a significant tool in neuroscience through the combination of offering accurate stimulation to target cells and recording biological signals simultaneously. This makes it not just be widely used in neuroscience researches, but also have a great potential to be employed in future treatments in clinical neurological diseases. To optimize the integrated optrodes, this paper aimed to investigate the influence of surface material and illumination upon the performance of the microelectrode/electrolyte interface and build a corresponding evaluation system. In this work, an integrated planar optrode with a blue LED and microelectrodes was designed and fabricated. The charge transfer mechanism on the interface was theoretically modeled and experimentally verified. An evaluation system for assessing microelectrodes was also built up. Using this system, the proposed model of various biocompatible surface materials on microelectrodes was further investigated under different illumination conditions. The influence of illumination on the microelectrode/electrolyte interface was the cause of optical artifacts, which interfere the biological signal recording. It was found that surface materials had a great effect on the charge transfer capacity, electrical stability and recoverability, photostability, and especially optical artifacts. The metal with better charge transfer capacity and electrical stability is highly possible to have a better performance on the optical artifacts, regardless of its electrical recoverability and photostability under the illumination conditions of optogenetics. Among the five metals used in our investigation, iridium served as the best surface material for the proposed integrated optrodes . Thus, optimizing the surface material for optrodes could reduce optical interference, enhance the quality of the neural signal recording for optogenetics, and thus help to advance the research in neuroscience.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the Surface Material and Illumination upon the Performance of a Microelectrode/Electrolyte Interface in Optogenetics

Shen

Xiao

et al. 2021

Micromachines

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“…The separation of MEA and LED probes in space distance and heavily doped silicon substrate can significantly reduce crosstalk. According to published studies (Fang et al, 2015;Kim et al, 2020;Wang et al, 2021), there are two sources of noise: first, when the wireless energy supply system works, it will introduce electromagnetic interference by supplying power to the LED probe through electromagnetic induction; second, when the LED probe is turned on and illuminated on the silicon substrate, it will produce the photovoltaic effect. The MEA used in the experiment was prepared on a heavily doped silicon substrate, which suppressed noise to a large extent (Wei et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wireless Closed-Loop Optical Regulation System for Seizure Detection and Suppression In Vivo

Wang

et al. 2022

Front. Nanotechnol.

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There are approximately 50 million people with epilepsy worldwide, even about 25% of whom cannot be effectively controlled by drugs or surgical treatment. A wireless closed-loop system for epilepsy detection and suppression is proposed in this study. The system is composed of an implantable optrode, wireless recording, wireless energy supply, and a control module. The system can monitor brain electrical activity in real time. When seizures are recognized, the optrode will be turned on. The preset photosensitive caged compounds are activated to inhibit the seizure. When seizures are inhibited or end, the optrode is turned off. The method demonstrates a practical wireless closed-loop epilepsy therapy system.

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“…In addition, carbon materials, such as carbon nanotubes and graphene, are favored by researchers due to their high conductivity, high specific surface area, high mechanical strength, and low contact impedance. And many researchers have opted to combine them with polymer materials to modify the interfaces of recording microelectrodes. − In order to facilitate better bonding between carbon materials and polymers, many researchers subject the materials to acid treatment to enhance their functionality, and the functional groups carried on the surface can be better combined with the polymer material. This composite material can greatly increase the specific surface area of the microelectrode, effectively reduce the interfacial impedance, improve the adhesion of the composite film on the surface of the metal electrode, and improve the signal-to-noise ratio of nerve signals. ,, …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Integrated Neural Optrode with Modification of Polymer-Carbon Composite Films for Suppression of the Photoelectric Artifacts

Xu,

Yang,

Liang

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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Optogenetics-based integrated photoelectrodes with high spatiotemporal resolution play an important role in studying complex neural activities. However, the photostimulation artifacts caused by the high level of integration and the high impedance of metal recording electrodes still hinder the application of photoelectrodes for optogenetic studies of neural circuits. In this study, a neural optrode fabricated on sapphire GaN material was proposed, and 4 μLEDs and 14 recording microelectrodes were monolithically integrated on a shank. Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/ polystyrenesulfonate and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (PE-DOT:PSS-MWCNT) and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and graphene oxide (PEDOT-GO) composite films were deposited on the surface of the recording microelectrode by electrochemical deposition. The results demonstrate that compared with the gold microelectrode, the impedances of both composite films reduced by more than 98%, and the noise amplitudes decreased by 70.73 and 87.15%, respectively, when exposed to light stimulation. Adjusting the high and low levels, we further reduced the noise amplitude by 48.3%. These results indicate that modifying the electrode surface by a polymer composite film can effectively enhance the performance of the microelectrode and further promote the application of the optrode in the field of neuroscience.

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Controlled Electrodeposition of Graphene Oxide Doped Conductive Polymer on Microelectrodes for Low-Noise Optogenetics

Cited by 6 publications

References 19 publications

Influence of the Surface Material and Illumination upon the Performance of a Microelectrode/Electrolyte Interface in Optogenetics

Influence of the Surface Material and Illumination upon the Performance of a Microelectrode/Electrolyte Interface in Optogenetics

Wireless Closed-Loop Optical Regulation System for Seizure Detection and Suppression In Vivo

An Integrated Neural Optrode with Modification of Polymer-Carbon Composite Films for Suppression of the Photoelectric Artifacts

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