Controlled Emission through Fluorescent Polymer Nanopigments

Zhuang, Dazhong; Hogen‐Esch, Thieo E.

doi:10.1021/ma100525k

Cited by 15 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Their sizes depend on surfactant and co‐stabilizer concentration as well as on the homogenization, being typically 30 to 200 nm, often smaller than those obtained through emulsion polymerization. Mini‐emulsion procedures are also mostly applied to the synthesis of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and especially polystyrene (PS) NPs . The dyes are encapsulated either through copolymerization or physical encapsulation.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Dye‐loaded Polymer Npsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorescent Polymer Nanoparticles Based on Dyes: Seeking Brighter Tools for Bioimaging

Reisch

Klymchenko

2016

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Speed, resolution and sensitivity of today's fluorescence bioimaging can be drastically improved by fluorescent nanoparticles (NPs) that are many-fold brighter than organic dyes and fluorescent proteins. While the field is currently dominated by inorganic NPs, notably quantum dots (QDs), fluorescent polymer NPs encapsulating large quantities of dyes (dye-loaded NPs) have emerged recently as an attractive alternative. These new nanomaterials, inspired from the fields of polymeric drug delivery vehicles and advanced fluorophores, can combine superior brightness with biodegradability and low toxicity. Here, we describe the strategies for synthesis of dye-loaded polymer NPs by emulsion polymerization and assembly of pre-formed polymers. Superior brightness requires strong dye loading without aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ). Only recently several strategies of dye design were proposed to overcome ACQ in polymer NPs: aggregation induced emission (AIE), dye modification with bulky side groups and use of bulky hydrophobic counterions. The resulting NPs now surpass the brightness of QDs by ≈10-fold for a comparable size, and have started reaching the level of the brightest conjugated polymer NPs. Other properties, notably photostability, color, blinking, as well as particle size and surface chemistry are also systematically analyzed. Finally, major and emerging applications of dye-loaded NPs for in vitro and in vivo imaging are reviewed.

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Section: Synthesis Of Dye‐loaded Polymer Npsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorescent Polymer Nanoparticles Based on Dyes: Seeking Brighter Tools for Bioimaging

Reisch

Klymchenko

2016

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531

509

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“…Polyfluorene (PF) is an excellent blue light‐emitting conjugated polymer, since it has wide‐band‐gaps ( E g ) between 2.8 and 3.5 eV, great thermal stability, high photoluminescent quantum efficiency (over 0.8), good charge transport properties, and good solubility in common organic solvents . As a high band‐gap polymer, it is often used as a donor to obtain green and red emission via either charge transfer or energy transfer . For example, 2,1,3‐benzothiadiazole and 4,7‐di(2‐thienyl)‐2,1,3‐benzothiadiazole are two commonly used acceptors to obtain green and red emission …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a high band‐gap polymer, it is often used as a donor to obtain green and red emission via either charge transfer or energy transfer . For example, 2,1,3‐benzothiadiazole and 4,7‐di(2‐thienyl)‐2,1,3‐benzothiadiazole are two commonly used acceptors to obtain green and red emission …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] As a high band-gap polymer, it is often used as a donor to obtain green and red emission via either charge transfer or energy transfer. [9][10][11][12] For example, 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole and 4,7-di(2-thienyl)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole are two commonly used acceptors to obtain green and red emission. [ 11,12 ] emitting green and red lights with 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (BT) and 4,7-di(2-thienyl)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (DBT) as end-cappers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[9][10][11][12] For example, 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole and 4,7-di(2-thienyl)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole are two commonly used acceptors to obtain green and red emission. [ 11,12 ] emitting green and red lights with 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (BT) and 4,7-di(2-thienyl)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (DBT) as end-cappers. After random copolymerization with 2-(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA), green and red fl uorescent amphiphilic copolymers can be obtained, leading to fl uorescent nanoparticle aqueous solutions with high emission qualities ready for ink-jet printing directly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Amphiphilic Copolymers of Polyfluorene Methacrylates Exhibiting Tunable Emissions for Ink‐Jet Printing

Deng

Ling

2016

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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Functionalized polyfluorene receives more and more attention due to its wide applications. Here, the syntheses of three novel polyfluorene-based methacrylate macromonomers exhibiting a vast flexibility for further applications are reported. Their emissions strongly depend on the end groups and thus the macromonomers provide blue, green, and red emissions simultaneously with the same excitation light of 365 nm. Their well-defined copolymers with 2-(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization are investigated in detail. These copolymers exhibit high quantum yields in solid film (up to 0.8), and self-assemble into photoluminescent nanoparticles in aqueous solutions with pure blue, green, and red emissions. By simply mixing them, perfect white light emission with high quality is obtained. These aqueous nanoparticles solutions are ready for ink-jet printing to produce exquisite bright and colorful fluorescent pictures.

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Protein Nanofibrils Balance Colours in Organic White‐Light‐Emitting Diodes

Solin¹,

Inganäs²

2012

Israel Journal of Chemistry

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In this review we discuss our efforts in using protein nanowires (amyloid fibrils) as structural templates for use in organic electronics applications, mainly focusing on organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). We discuss different ways of functionalising amyloid fibrils. In one method, the amyloid fibril is used to organise luminescent polymers. We also discuss an alternative preparative method, resulting in amyloid‐like materials functionalised with phosphorescent organometallic complexes. We discuss the incorporation of such materials in organic electronics devices, such as OLEDs. When amyloid fibrils are integrated into the OLED active layer, consisting of an electroluminescent blue‐emitting polyfluorene, the efficiency of the device increases by a factor of 10. Furthermore, when amyloid fibrils incorporating phosphorescent metal complexes are used, the phosphorescent guest functions more efficiently than in the corresponding case where naked metal complexes are used. By preparing amyloid fibrils incorporating green‐ and red‐emitting phosphorescent complexes, and combining these with blue‐emitting polyfluorene, we can fabricate devices for white‐light emission. The origin of the effects of the biomaterial on device performance is discussed.

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Controlled Emission through Fluorescent Polymer Nanopigments

Cited by 15 publications

References 43 publications

Fluorescent Polymer Nanoparticles Based on Dyes: Seeking Brighter Tools for Bioimaging

Fluorescent Polymer Nanoparticles Based on Dyes: Seeking Brighter Tools for Bioimaging

Amphiphilic Copolymers of Polyfluorene Methacrylates Exhibiting Tunable Emissions for Ink‐Jet Printing

Protein Nanofibrils Balance Colours in Organic White‐Light‐Emitting Diodes

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