Controlled environment composting for mushroom cultivation: substrates based on wheat and barley straw and deep litter poultry manure

Noble, R.; Gaze, R. H.

doi:10.1017/s0021859600067794

Cited by 26 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Due to difficulties in availability and variability in the material, compost formulations with straw were developed. In most countries, particularly in the USA and Europe, WS is preferred because it maintains its structure during composting and is widely available [25,36]. However, in south and south-west China, RS, cow manure and gypsum are preferred because they are widely available [35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of characterization and microbial communities in rice straw- and wheat straw-based compost forAgaricus bisporusproduction

Lin

Mao

Zhao

et al. 2016

Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology

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Rice straw (RS) is an important raw material for the preparation of Agaricus bisporus compost in China. In this study, the characterization of composting process from RS and wheat straw (WS) was compared for mushroom production. The results showed that the temperature in RS compost increased rapidly compared with WS compost, and the carbon (C)/nitrogen (N) ratio decreased quickly. The microbial changes during the Phase I and Phase II composting process were monitored using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis. Bacteria were the dominant species during the process of composting and the bacterial community structure dramatically changed during heap composting according to the DGGE results. The bacterial community diversity of RS compost was abundant compared with WS compost at stages 4-5, but no distinct difference was observed after the controlled tunnel Phase II process. The total amount of PLFAs of RS compost, as an indicator of microbial biomass, was higher than that of WS. Clustering by DGGE and principal component analysis of the PLFA compositions revealed that there were differences in both the microbial population and community structure between RS- and WS-based composts. Our data indicated that composting of RS resulted in improved degradation and assimilation of breakdown products by A. bisporus, and suggested that the RS compost was effective for sustaining A. bisporus mushroom growth as well as conventional WS compost.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of characterization and microbial communities in rice straw- and wheat straw-based compost forAgaricus bisporusproduction

Lin

Mao

Zhao

et al. 2016

Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology

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“…In contrast, the van Bemmelen factor (1.724) assumes that 58% of the combustible mass is comprised of C. However, values as low as 40% (a OM/TC ratio of 2.5) have been used for composts (Noble and Gaze 1994).…”

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confidence: 99%

Carbon, ash and organic matter relationships for feedlot manures and composts

Larney¹,

Ellert²,

Olson³

2005

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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. 2005. Carbon, ash and organic matter relationships for feedlot manures and composts. Can. J. Soil Sci. 85: 261-264. Composting is increasingly recognized as a means of handling livestock manure. Using relationships derived from a dataset of >3000 samples representing the decay spectrum from raw manure to mature compost (from unpaved feedlot pens bedded with straw or wood residuals) we propose that measurement of either total carbon or ash content is sufficient to estimate carbon, organic matter and dry matter mass changes during composting of beef feedlot manure.

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“…1990). However, mushroom yields from such short duration substrates have generally been lower than those from traditional Phase 1/Phase II composts (Smith 1983;Miller et al 1990;Noble and Gaze 1994). Laborde et al (1986) developed a system w ith an initial controlled high temperature (70-80°C) phase, as an attempt to simulate the temperatures found in Phase I stacks and to produce a high yielding substrate.…”

Section: Bench-scale Preparation Of Mushroom Substrates In Controlledmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mean percentages (w /w) used were: straw 61.5 percent, poultry manure 29.6 percent and Sporavite 8.9 percent. The ingredients were wetted and blended in 15 metric ton stacks used for larger scale bulk tunnel composting experiments (Noble and Gaze 1994). Gypsum was added to the stacks at 2.5 percent w /w to reduce the substrate pH and dissociation of ammonium (Gerrits 1988a).…”

Section: Substrates and Composting Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bench-Scale Preparation of Mushroom Substrates In Controlled Environments

Noble¹,

Fermor²,

Evered³

et al. 1997

Compost Science & Utilization

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Conventional composting for mushroom cultivation involves a largely uncontrolled phase in which there are wide variations in temperature and oxygen level, resulting in the production of odor pollutants. The experiments reported in this paper investigated environmental conditions for compost preparation in an attempt to minimize odor production. Substrates for mushroom culture were prepared in flasks under controlled temperature and aeration. The temperature (48 to 72°C), 0 2 concentration (0.6 to 8.7 percent v /v) and duration (6 or 20 h) of an initial pasteurization phase were varied before all the substrates were given a standard aerated conditioning period at 47°C Compost decomposition, initial mineralization rates of 14 C labelled glutamic acid (a measure of microbial activity) and actinomycete and fungal populations all decreased as the pasteurization temperature increased from 48°C to 72°C The duration and 0 2 concentration of the pasteurization treatment did not affect the overall decomposition of the substrate, mineralization of 14 C labelled glutamic acid and subsequent mushroom mycelial extension rate and yield from the substrate. Under the controlled temperature conditions, the optimum pasteurization temperature for mushroom mycelial extension rate and sporophore yield was 60°C but possible benefits of higher temperature zones in a large stack situation were identified: 1) a higher concentration of ammonia which may assist substrate degradation over a prolonged period; 2) the development of high populations of intercellular bacteria following pasteurization at 72°C, 0.6 percent 02; 3) the recovery of low rates of mineralization of 14 C labelled glutamic acid following the pasteurization of substrate at 72°C to rates above those of the 48°C and 60°C pasteurization treatments.

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Controlled environment composting for mushroom cultivation: substrates based on wheat and barley straw and deep litter poultry manure

Cited by 26 publications

References 15 publications

Comparison of characterization and microbial communities in rice straw- and wheat straw-based compost forAgaricus bisporusproduction

Comparison of characterization and microbial communities in rice straw- and wheat straw-based compost forAgaricus bisporusproduction

Carbon, ash and organic matter relationships for feedlot manures and composts

Bench-Scale Preparation of Mushroom Substrates In Controlled Environments

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