Controlled Grafting‐From of Polystyrene on Polybutadiene: Mechanism and Spectroscopic Evidence of the Functionalization of Polybutadiene with 4‐Oxo‐TEMPO

Bonilla‐Cruz, José; Saldívar‐Guerra, Enrique; Torres-Lubián, Román; Guerrero‐Santos, Ramiro; López-Carpy, Bruno; Luna‐Bárcenas, Gabriel

doi:10.1002/macp.200800367

Cited by 22 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Table I for the designation of samples. ful selection on reaction conditions, which could be an important part of the future study. 6,36 Overall, the authors would like to emphasize that EPDMgraft-PS with controlled length and number of PS graft chains can be prepared following the simple two step reactions, which may afford a new EPDM based advanced materials having improved properties and broad application fields.…”

Section: Table I Recipes For the Preparation Of Epdm-graft-ps And Chmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the grafting of polystyrene onto ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer through reversible addition and fragmentation chain transfer technique

et al. 2010

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Ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer (EPDM) was functionalized with well-defined polystyrene (PS) using a reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) technique, yielding EPDM-graft-PS. PS was first synthesized using the RAFT technique employing trithiocarbonates as a chain transfer agent. PS was then grafted to EPDM in the presence of a radical generator that endows reactive radical sites on EPDM. The resulting EPDM macro-radicals were chain transferred to the trithiocarbonate units in the PS. The reaction and structure of the resulting graft copolymers were elucidated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The composition and grafting efficiencies were also adjusted by controlling the amount of radical generator and PS.

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Section: Table I Recipes For the Preparation Of Epdm-graft-ps And Chmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the grafting of polystyrene onto ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer through reversible addition and fragmentation chain transfer technique

et al. 2010

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“…13 C NMR were observed and identified by HETCOR analysis: a carbon of methylene (ÀCH 2 À) from TEMPO was assigned at d ¼ 20.5 and 28.4. In the region of d ¼ 68-69 two resonances attributed to quaternary carbons from TEMPO were observed, [17] and near to d ¼ 67 a chemical shift corresponding to the carbon atom (ÀCH 2 ÀOÀTEMPO) where the TEMPO is attached, was observed. Finally, in PDMS functionalized with TEMPO signals with chemical shifts similar to the PEG-T case were observed [18] (not shown here) using OS (see Table 1).…”

Section: Nmr Analysismentioning

confidence: 96%

Amphiphilic Block Copolymer from Hydroxyl‐Terminated Polymers Functionalized with TEMPO. A New Synthetic Method Using Oxoammonium Salt

Bonilla‐Cruz

Lara-Ceniceros

Wong³

et al. 2011

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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A simple approach for the end‐functionalization of hydroxyl‐terminated polymers with nitroxide moieties using oxoammonium salts (OS) is presented. The functionalization is carried out using only one synthetic pathway in which high levels of functionalization (90%) are found. A mechanism for the functionalization with TEMPO moieties using OS is proposed in which the formation of peroxide groups is suggested. The structures of the functionalized polymers are characterized in detail by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, DQF‐COSY, and HETCOR. Bifunctional macroalkoxyamines are used to demonstrate how to extend the polymer chain for the synthesis of amphiphilic triblock copolymers by polymerizing St in a second block mediated by a nitroxide radical which provides the block length control. magnified image

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“…The NRC reaction was reported also as a method to functionalize unsaturated hydrocarbon polymers. Bonilla‐Cruz et al . grafted different nitroxides (e.g.…”

Section: Nrc Reaction In Peroxide‐initiated Post‐polymerization Modifmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post‐polymerization modification by nitroxide radical coupling

Coiai

Passaglia

Cicogna

2018

Polymer International

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Post‐polymerization modification is an attractive approach to extend applications and convert commodity plastics into products with new, desirable and tunable properties. Among the post‐polymerization modification methods, the nitroxide radical coupling (NRC) reaction has been shown to be a convenient and versatile way to graft specific functionalities onto polymer chains and to control the onset and yield of polymer crosslinking during peroxide‐initiated processes. The use of 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine‐1‐oxyl (TEMPO) and its derivatives as controllers of scorch in crosslinking and as functionalizers in functionalization reactions is thoroughly described. Examples are also given of graft polymerization from macroalkoxyamines generated by NRC and grafting of nitroxides by irradiation processes. In addition, in this review we attempt to demonstrate the broad applications of the NRC reaction in the preparation of polymers with a multitude of functionalities and elaborate architectures. The examples discussed here concern the use of atom transfer and single electron transfer NRC reactions to design a variety of polymers with asymmetrical structure and the use of the radical crossover reaction, based on the alkoxyamine dynamic covalent bond, to generate reversible polymer structures and switchable functional polymers. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry

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Controlled Grafting‐From of Polystyrene on Polybutadiene: Mechanism and Spectroscopic Evidence of the Functionalization of Polybutadiene with 4‐Oxo‐TEMPO

Cited by 22 publications

References 52 publications

Study on the grafting of polystyrene onto ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer through reversible addition and fragmentation chain transfer technique

Study on the grafting of polystyrene onto ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer through reversible addition and fragmentation chain transfer technique

Amphiphilic Block Copolymer from Hydroxyl‐Terminated Polymers Functionalized with TEMPO. A New Synthetic Method Using Oxoammonium Salt

Post‐polymerization modification by nitroxide radical coupling

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