“…In fact, the crystal defect of CeO 2 is greatly related to its crystal structure and morphologies. Various microstructures of CeO 2 have been fabricated for practical applications via different approaches in previous works, including bowknot-like crystallites, nanocubes, X-architecture, nanopolyhedra, square-like nanoparticles, nanosheets, nano-octahedrons, ribbon-like nanofibers, urchin-like hierarchical structures, flower-like microspheres, and well-aligned nanorod arrays [24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33]. Unfortunately, CeO 2 with indirect band gap energy (3.2 eV) is strictly limited in the photocatalytic system of the UV-light region.…”