“…Surveys have found an increased probability of driving accidents among those with conditions ranging from, for example, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD; Barkley, Guevremont, Anastopoulos, DuPaul, & Shelton, 1993;Murphy & Barkley, 1996), to diabetes (Cox et al, 2003), to dementia (Carr, Duchek, & Morris, 2000;Zuin, Ortiz, Boromei, & Lopez, 2002), to heart disease (McGwin, Sims, Pulley, & Roseman, 2000), to arthritis (McGwin et al, 2000), and to emotional stress (Lagarde et al, 2004). Yet studies with such populations using on-road methods to measure driving behaviors may place both participants and researchers at increased risk for harm (Cox, Humphrey, Merkel, Penberthy, & Kovatchev, 2004). On-road behavior evaluations also lack the replicability, control, efficiency, safety, and ease of use associated with simulated driving experiments, in turn making inferences about the impact of experimental manipulations on driving behavior more difficult (Godley, Triggs, & Fildes, 2002).…”