Controlled SnO2 nanocrystal growth in SiO2–SnO2 glass‐ceramic monoliths

Tran, Tuan T.; Bui, Thanh-Trang; Turrell, S.; Capoen, Bruno; Roussel, Pascal; Bouazaoui, Mohamed; Ferrari, M.; Cristini, O.; Kinowski, C.

doi:10.1002/jrs.3099

Cited by 25 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…89 No other impurities or tin-oxygen states are observed in the Raman spectrum, although bands attributable to oxygen vacancies, SnO 2 disorder and nanocrystallite dimensions were also observed. [90][91][92][93] However, due to the poor Raman scattering capabilities of SnO 2 , such bands were only observable at higher film thicknesses, corresponding to longer deposition times. Assuming compositional uniformity across the various AA-AP CVD seed-overlay depositions (as opposed to morphological and film thickness differences), it is thought such signals are applicable across all films produced here.…”

Section: Structural Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influencing FTO thin film growth with thin seeding layers: a route to microstructural modification

et al. 2015

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We report on the seeded growth of fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) polycrystalline transparent conducting oxide (TCO) thin films on float glass using a novel two-step chemical vapour deposition (CVD) method. Aerosol-assisted CVD (AACVD) was used to grow a seed layer to direct and promote full film growth via an atmospheric pressure CVD (APCVD) overlay. The method allowed for reproducible control over morphology and denser, rougher, higher-performing TCO at a relatively low growth temperature (500 1C). Growth promotion depended on seeding time with an optimal seeding time being present, below which morphology control and conformal coverage was unavailable. The film properties and functional characteristics were characterised by SEM, AFM, XRD, XPS, UV-Vis-Near IR transmittancereflectance and Hall Effect probe measurements. Highly transparent and electrically conductive films, comparable to commercial materials and with high roughness and low transmission haze values indicate the process yields high quality films with a controllable morphology that can be tuned to desired application. The versatile method provides a route towards the morphological control of high-quality FTO thin films with high optical clarity and low-emissivity properties and can be readily extended to a variety of different substrates and metal oxide materials. Fig. 7 Illustrative F-1s XPS sputtered depth profile spectra representative of FTO films formed at various AACVD seed -APCVD overlay times (A), XPS calculated F-1s binding energy positions (B), fluorine dopant concentration (C) and illustrative Sn-3d surface scan (D).

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Section: Structural Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influencing FTO thin film growth with thin seeding layers: a route to microstructural modification

et al. 2015

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“…As expected, the BET surface areas are significantly lower than that observed for mesoporous SiO 2 prepared by TP of 2,2'-spirobi[4H-1,3,2-benzodioxasiline] (904 m 2 g À1 ), [44] but comparable with the highest values reported for SnO 2 /SiO 2 hybrid materials prepared by the sol-gel process. [66] SiO 2 /SnO 2 materials with tin oxide content of 22 and 29 wt % show surface areas in the range 269-343 m 2 g À1 (heat treatment 700-400 8C) [23] and 375-494 m 2 g À1 (heat treatment 800-400 8C), [67] whereas with increasing tin oxide content of 90 and 75 wt % surface areas of 211-340 m 2 g À1 (heat treatment 600-400 8C) [31] and 133-209 m 2 g À1 (heat treatment 800-400 8C) [30] have been reported. The SiO 2 /SnO 2 materials obtained from the TP show comparatively high surface areas up to 378 m 2 g À1 (700 8C heat treatment) with a tin oxide content of 54 wt %.…”

Section: Oxidation Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Notably, long aging times for the preparation of xerogels, which in some cases are several days or even weeks, are not necessary in the TP process. [67,68]…”

Section: Oxidation Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tin Oxide Nanoparticles and SnO₂/SiO₂ Hybrid Materials by Twin Polymerization Using Tin(IV) Alkoxides

et al. 2013

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Twin polymerization was used to prepare composite materials composed of SnO2 nanoparticles entrapped in a polymer matrix. Novel, well‐defined tin‐containing molecular precursors, so‐called twin monomers, were synthesized by transesterification starting from Sn(OR)4 (R=tBu, tAm) to give Sn(OCH2C4H3O)4 (1), [Sn(OCH2C4H3S)4⋅HOCH2C4H3S]2 (2), [Sn(OCH2‐2‐OCH3C6H4)4⋅HOCH2‐2‐OCH3C6H4]2 (3), [Sn(OCH2‐2,4‐(OCH3)2C6H3)4⋅HOCH2‐2,4‐(OCH3)2C6H3]2 (4), 2,2′‐spirobi[4H‐1,3,2‐benzodioxastannine] (5), 2,2′‐spirobi[6‐methylbenzo(4H‐1,3,2)‐dioxastannine] (6), and 2,2′‐spirobi[6‐methoxybenzo(4H‐1,3,2)dioxastannine] (7). 13C and 119Sn NMR spectroscopy in the solid state and in solution as well as IR spectroscopy and elemental analysis were used to characterize the tin alkoxides. The molecular structures of compounds 2 and 3 were determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis. The moisture sensitivity of the tin(IV) alkoxides was demonstrated by the formation of the tin oxocluster [Sn3(μ3‐O)(μ2‐OH)(μ2‐OCH2C4H3S)3(OCH2C4H3S)6(HOCH2C4H3S)]2 (2 a), a hydrolysis product of compound 2. Polymerization reactions in the melt (for 1 and 5) and in solution (for 2–4) resulted in cross‐linked nanocomposites of the type polymer/SnO2. Subsequent oxidation of the composites gave SnO2 with BET surface areas up to 178 m2 g−1. Simultaneous twin polymerization of compounds 5–7 with the silicon derivative 2,2′‐spirobi[4H‐1,3,2‐benzodioxasiline] resulted in the formation of polymer/SnO2/SiO2 hybrid materials. Oxidation gave porous materials with SnO2 nanoparticles embedded in a silica network with BET surface areas up to 378 m2 g−1. The silica acts as a crystal growth inhibitor, which prevents sintering of the SnO2 nanoparticles 20–32 nm in size.

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“…A relevant drawback related to SnO 2 NCs is the low solubility of Ln 3+ limited to ~0.05%, the remaining ions being segregated at grain boundaries, probably in the form of Ln 2 Sn 2 O 7 crystals [94]. To overcome this limitation, Van Tran et al [95,96] prepared SiO 2 -SnO 2 GCs with a maximum nominal NCs concentration of 20 mol % to allow for higher Ln 3+ amount incorporation in SnO 2 NCs. The authors prepared Er 3+ -doped materials and PL measurements showed that an increase in SnO 2 concentration promotes Er 3+ ions’ incorporation in SnO 2 NCs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transparent Glass-Ceramics Produced by Sol-Gel: A Suitable Alternative for Photonic Materials

et al. 2018

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Transparent glass-ceramics have shown interesting optical properties for several photonic applications. In particular, compositions based on oxide glass matrices with fluoride crystals embedded inside, known as oxyfluoride glass-ceramics, have gained increasing interest in the last few decades. Melt-quenching is still the most used method to prepare these materials but sol-gel has been indicated as a suitable alternative. Many papers have been published since the end of the 1990s, when these materials were prepared by sol-gel for the first time, thus a review of the achievements obtained so far is necessary. In the first part of this paper, a review of transparent sol-gel glass-ceramics is made focusing mainly on oxyfluoride compositions. Many interesting optical results have been obtained but very little innovation of synthesis and processing is found with respect to pioneering papers published 20 years ago. In the second part we describe the improvements in synthesis and processing obtained by the authors during the last five years. The main achievements are the preparation of oxyfluoride glass-ceramics with a much higher fluoride crystal fraction, at least double that reported up to now, and the first synthesis of NaGdF4 glass-ceramics. Moreover, a new SiO2 precursor was introduced in the synthesis, allowing for a reduction in the treatment temperature and favoring hydroxyl group removal. Interesting optical properties demonstrated the incorporation of dopant ions in the fluoride crystals, thus obtaining crystal-like spectra along with higher efficiencies with respect to xerogels, and hence demonstrating that these materials are a suitable alternative for photonic applications.

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Controlled SnO₂ nanocrystal growth in SiO₂–SnO₂ glass‐ceramic monoliths

Cited by 25 publications

References 47 publications

Influencing FTO thin film growth with thin seeding layers: a route to microstructural modification

Influencing FTO thin film growth with thin seeding layers: a route to microstructural modification

Tin Oxide Nanoparticles and SnO₂/SiO₂ Hybrid Materials by Twin Polymerization Using Tin(IV) Alkoxides

Transparent Glass-Ceramics Produced by Sol-Gel: A Suitable Alternative for Photonic Materials

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Controlled SnO2 nanocrystal growth in SiO2–SnO2 glass‐ceramic monoliths

Cited by 25 publications

References 47 publications

Influencing FTO thin film growth with thin seeding layers: a route to microstructural modification

Influencing FTO thin film growth with thin seeding layers: a route to microstructural modification

Tin Oxide Nanoparticles and SnO2/SiO2 Hybrid Materials by Twin Polymerization Using Tin(IV) Alkoxides

Transparent Glass-Ceramics Produced by Sol-Gel: A Suitable Alternative for Photonic Materials

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Product

Resources

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Controlled SnO₂ nanocrystal growth in SiO₂–SnO₂ glass‐ceramic monoliths

Tin Oxide Nanoparticles and SnO₂/SiO₂ Hybrid Materials by Twin Polymerization Using Tin(IV) Alkoxides