Controlled step-wise telomerization of vinylidene fluoride, hexafluoropropene and trifluoroethylene with iodofluorinated transfer agents

Balagué, J.; Améduri, Bruno; Boutevin, Bernard; Caporiccio, G.

doi:10.1016/s0022-1139(99)00287-0

Cited by 61 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…As a result, the conversion rate obtained in this study was higher than the rates obtained by Balague et al 22 and Manseri et al 28 Table 7 summarizes the experimental conditions and the results of the reactions.…”

Section: Piezoelectric Properties Of Vdf Telomers N Durand Et Alcontrasting

confidence: 65%

“…was not observed in the 19 F NMR spectrum (Figure 2, upper spectrum) of the telomer, indicating that the ÀCF 2 CF 2 I group of R F I underwent a high field shift to À112.0 p.p.m. Moreover, the characteristic signals of C 3 F 7 (or C 5 F 11 ) end groups [13][14][15][16]22 were observed in the spectra. Namely, the peaks centered at À82.0, À124.0, À126.0 (and À128.0 p.p.m.)…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…10,[13][14][15][16][21][22][23] The multiplet centered at À38 p.p.m. was indicative of -CH 2 CF 2 I end groups, 10,[13][14][15][16]22 and the signal at À108.0 p.p.m. was attributed to difluoromethylene in -CH 2 CF 2 ÀCF 2 CH 2 I, which arise from reverse addition followed by a chain transfer.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13,14 The 1 H NMR spectrum of the telomer (Figure 2, lower spectrum) was in agreement with the results of 19 F NMR spectroscopy. For instance, the methylene groups located between the difluoromethylenes produced a quintet centered at 2.80 p.p.m., 10,13,14,[21][22][23] and the signals centered at 3.20, 3.50 and 3.80 p.p.m. were attributed to the methylene groups in R F CH 2 À, À(VDF) n ÀCH 2 CF 2 I and -CF 2 CH 2 I, respectively.…”

Section: Piezoelectric Properties Of Vdf Telomers N Durand Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vinylidene fluoride telomers for piezoelectric devices

Durand¹,

Améduri²,

Takashima³

et al. 2010

Polym J

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Original telomers based on vinylidene fluoride (VDF), C n F 2n+1 (VDF) m (CH 2 CH 2 ) p I, where n¼4 or 6, m¼5-23 and p¼0 or 1, were synthesized, and the piezoelectric properties of the materials were investigated. Low-molecular-weight polyvinylidene fluorides (PVDFs) were prepared in good yields by iodine transfer polymerization of VDF. The polymerization of VDF was conducted in the presence of 1-iodoperfluoroalkanes (C 4 F 9 I or C 6 F 13 I) and bis(4-tert-butylcyclohexyl) peroxydicarbonate, which were used as a chain transfer agent and initiator, respectively. The microstructures of VDF telomers were carefully characterized by 1 H and 19 F nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to assess the average molecular weights and the percentage of CH 2 CF 2 I functionality (that ranged from 47 to 86%). X-ray diffraction patterns of these telomers indicated that PVDFs with o7 VDF units displayed the a-form. Alternatively, telomers containing a higher amount of VDF possessed both a-and b-forms. Ethylene endcapping of C n F 2n+1 (VDF) m I was also successfully achieved in high yield, and the telomeric precursors were converted quantitatively. Moreover, three VDF telomers were vaporized into films, and the piezoelectric properties of the materials were assessed. The results revealed that C 6 F 13 (VDF) 23 I and C 4 F 9 (VDF) 21 I telomer films displayed piezoelectric responses (d 33 ¼268 pC N À1 ) and high remanent polarizations (Pr¼98.2 and 93.4 mC m À2 , respectively). In addition, C 4 F 9 (VDF) 21 C 2 H 4 I exhibited interesting ferroelectric properties (Pr¼89.9 mC m À2 ).

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Section: Piezoelectric Properties Of Vdf Telomers N Durand Et Alcontrasting

confidence: 65%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Piezoelectric Properties Of Vdf Telomers N Durand Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Vinylidene fluoride telomers for piezoelectric devices

Durand¹,

Améduri²,

Takashima³

et al. 2010

Polym J

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show abstract

“…In the case of fluoroalkyl chains interrupted with methylene groups, the thermal or redox-initiated insertion of vinylidene fluoride (VDF) into fluoroalkyl iodide bonds has been studied extensively by Ameduri and others [25][26][27][28][29]. Here a metalmeditated vinylidene fluoride Insertion of fluoroiodide, followed by radicalmediated ethylene insertion is employed [24].…”

Section: Synthesis Of Fluoroalkyl Ethylene Iodidesmentioning

confidence: 99%