Controlled study of cytolethal distending toxin-producing Escherichia coli infections in Bangladeshi children

Albert, M. John; Faruque, Shah M.; Faruque, A. S. G.; Bettelheim, K. A.; Neogi, P. K. B.; Bhuiyan, N. A.; Kaper, James B.

doi:10.1128/jcm.34.3.717-719.1996

Cited by 59 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The CDTproducing bacteria belonged to different genera and were isolated from patients or animals with numerous types of disease (Johnson and Lior, 1988a,b). In a recent study, the production of CDT by E. coli in Bangladeshi children with or without diarrhoea showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the isolation rate of CDTþ E. coli between the two groups (Albert et al, 1996). Nevertheless, animal assays may implicate CDT in the pathogenesis of colibacillosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) from Escherichia coli producing CNF2 blocks HeLa cell division in G2/M phase

Pérès

Marchès

Daigle

et al. 1997

Molecular Microbiology

193

126

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SummaryEscherichia coli strain 1404, isolated from a septicaemic calf, carries a transferable plasmid called pVir which codes for the cytotoxic necrotizing factor type 2 (CNF2). A 4 h interaction between strain 1404 and HeLa cells induced the formation of giant mononucleated cells blocked in G2/M phase. Mating experiments between strain 1404 and a non-pathogenic recipient strain demonstrated that the factor(s) encoded by pVir mediated the cell-cycle arrest. A 3.3 kb DNA fragment isolated from a DNA bank of pVir was shown to code for the factor(s) causing the cell-cycle arrest. Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed the presence of three genes encoding proteins sharing significant amino acid homology with the cytolethal distending toxins (CDTs) previously isolated from E. coli, Campylobacter jejuni and Shigella dysenteriae. Southern hybridization experiments demonstrated that the pVir of other CNF2-producing E. coli strains contained sequences related to cdt. Although the amino acid sequences amongst CDT diverged significantly, the two other CDTs previously isolated from E. coli were also able to block the HeLa cell cycle. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the mode of action of CDT and will help us to elucidate the role of this emerging toxin family in microbial pathogenesis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) from Escherichia coli producing CNF2 blocks HeLa cell division in G2/M phase

Pérès

Marchès

Daigle

et al. 1997

Molecular Microbiology

193

126

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“…So far, DEC has been divided into at least six groups based on the presence of chromosomal and plasmidencoded virulence genes, such as EPEC, ETEC, EIEC, EHEC, EAEC and diffusely adherent E. coli (DAEC) (46). However, CTEC has not yet been proved to belong to any particular category of DEC, although a number of CTEC strains have been isolated from diarrheal patients in several countries (27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33). Various types of cdt genes were detected in EPEC (27,28,30,47), EAEC (23,27), ETEC (47) and EHEC (20,38,41,47).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CTEC have been isolated from pediatric patients with diarrhea in several countries including India, Bangladesh, Nigeria and Brazil (27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33), although its epidemiological significance is not established (27,32). However, studies in animal models indicated that CDT is involved in diarrhea and an inflammatory response (34)(35)(36).…”

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confidence: 99%

Prevalence and characteristics of cytolethal distending toxin‐producing Escherichia coli from children with diarrhea in Japan

Hinenoya

Naigita

Ninomiya

et al. 2009

Microbiology and Immunology

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In the present study, we examined the prevalence and characteristics of CTEC among diarrheal children in Japan during a year-long surveillance study. A PCR-RFLP assay for the detection and differentiation of five types of E. coli cdtB gene (types I through V) was developed, and 362 stool specimens collected from patients reporting to pediatric departments in two hospitals were analyzed. Of the 35 samples (9.7%) that were positive for the cdtB gene, 21 were positive for cdt-I, three for cdt-II, four for cdt-III, three for cdt-IV and four samples were positive for cdt-V , as determined by different molecular techniques. The recovery of CTEC having cdt alleles was a little less, which included 19 with cdt-I, one cdt-II, three cdt-III, three cdt-IV and four with cdt-V . Among 30 CTEC strains isolated, the majority of them (43%) belonged to serogroup O2. The other virulence genes such as astA, cnf1, eaeA, cnf2 and bfpA genes were detected in 14 (47%), 11 (37%), four (13%), three (10%) and one (3.3%) strains of CTEC, respectively. However, the other common virulence-associated genes specific for DEC were not detected in these strains. Interestingly, an untypable cdt gene was detected by PCR-RFLP in Providencia alcalifaciens. Our data indicate that CTEC may be associated with diarrheal children in Japan and most of them do not belong to a conventional enteropathogenic pathovar and thus differ from strains isolated in developing countries.

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“…In Bangladesh, many infants and young children develop diarrhea due to infection with E. coli (16,17). Previous studies have mainly focused on E. coli strains of clinical origin commonly belonging to the ETEC, EPEC, and EAEC or DAEC categories (2,3,18). EIEC has not been detected in Bangladesh nor has any EHEC been isolated from clinical specimens from this country (3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plasmids also carry genes for antimicrobial resistance, sequestering, and utilization of substrates and mobilization of plasmid themselves between strains, species, and genera (15). Studies carried out so far have largely focused on E. coli strains of clinical origin (2,3). Despite being part of the normal intestinal flora (11), E. coli is found in aquatic ecosystems physically isolated from any source of fecal contamination (1).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic and Molecular Characteristics of Escherichia coli Isolated from Aquatic Environment of Bangladesh

Alam

Nur-A-Hasan

Ahsan

et al. 2006

Microbiology and Immunology

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Diarrhea continues to be one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality among infants and children in the developing world (45). Escherichia coli, a gram-negative bacillus, is among the normal microbial flora that exists in the healthy human intestine (11). However, some of the E. coli serotypes cause diarrhea or food poisoning, mostly in infants and children. Following the recognition of certain pathotypes of E. coli as human diarrheagenic pathogens and the establishment of a serotyping system, serovars associated with diarrheal diseases have gained increasing interest (47). At coli strains revealed 47%, 30%, and 6% to belong to EPEC, ETEC, and EHEC pathotypes, respectively. The majority of the 160 strains tested were resistant to commonly used antimicrobial agents. Plasmid profiling showed a total of 17 different bands ranging from 1.3 to 40 kb. However, 35% of the strains did not contain any detectable plasmid, implying no correlation between plasmid and drug resistance. Although virulence gene profiling revealed 97 (61%) of the strains to harbor the gene encoding heat-stable enterotoxin (ST), 2 for the gene encoding Shiga toxin (Stx), and none for the gene for heat-labile enterotoxin (LT), serotype-based pathotyping of E. coli was not fully supported by this gene profiling. A dendrogram derived from the PFGE patterns of 22 strains of three predominant serogroups indicated two major clusters, one containing mainly serogroup O55 and the other O8. Three strains of identical PFGE profiles belonging to serogroup O55 were isolated from three distinct areas, which may be of epidemiological significance. Finally, it may be concluded that serotype-based pathotyping may be useful for E. coli strains of clinical origin; however, it is not precise enough for reliably identifying environmental strains as diarrheagenic. Phenotypic and Molecular Characteristics of

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Controlled study of cytolethal distending toxin-producing Escherichia coli infections in Bangladeshi children

Cited by 59 publications

References 24 publications

A new cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) from Escherichia coli producing CNF2 blocks HeLa cell division in G2/M phase

A new cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) from Escherichia coli producing CNF2 blocks HeLa cell division in G2/M phase

Prevalence and characteristics of cytolethal distending toxin‐producing Escherichia coli from children with diarrhea in Japan

Phenotypic and Molecular Characteristics of Escherichia coli Isolated from Aquatic Environment of Bangladesh

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