Controlled Surface Radical Graft Polymerization of N-Halamine Monomers on Polyester Fabrics and Potential Application in Bioprotective Medical Scrubs

Abstract

Embedding medical scrubs with robust biocidal functions could potentially reduce pathogen cross-contamination and healthcare-associated infections. Here, a halamine precursor monomer, 1-acryloyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethylimidazolidin-4-one (ACTMIO), was covalently grafted to a poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fabric, which is a common textile material used in medical scrubs, via a controlled free radical graft polymerization reaction using a "paddry-cure" finishing process. Based on a computational model and Hansen solubility theory, an ideal free radical reaction system was designed and implemented. The obtained ACTMIOgrafted (H-PET-g-ACTMIO) fabrics exhibited high grafting ratios of the monomers, desired properties of improved hydrophilicity, large active chlorine capacity, promising chlorine rechargeability, and desirable washing durability due to the robust covalent bonds between halamine moieties and PET fabrics. The chlorinated H-PET-g-ACTMIO fabric demonstrated powerful and regenerable biocidal performance against pathogenic bacteria, revealing the great application potential as a bioprotective medical textile. In addition, the successful application of Hansen solubility theory in surface modification of chemically inert polyester fibers provides a good example of controlling free radical polymerization reactions on textile materials.

Soybean Protein Isolate-Incorporated Zwitterionic Hydrogel with Rapid Chlorine Rechargeable Biocidal and Antifouling Functions

“…The active chlorine contents (ppm) of the SPI-SBMA hydrogels were measured via an established iodometric titration method and were calculated according to eq 3. 42 V V m Active chlorine content (ppm) 35.45 ( ) 1000 2…”

“…At each time point, the chlorinated hydrogels were washed with excess water to remove the unbonded chlorine. The active chlorine contents (ppm) of the SPI-SBMA hydrogels were measured via an established iodometric titration method and were calculated according to eq normalA normalc normalt normali normalv normale .25em normalc normalh normall normalo normalr normali normaln normale .25em normalc normalo normaln normalt normale normaln normalt .25em ( p p m ) = 35.45 × ( V 0 − V 1 ) × 1000 2 × m normals …”

“…At each time point, the chlorinated hydrogels were washed with excess water to remove the unbonded chlorine. The active chlorine contents (ppm) of the SPI-SBMA hydrogels were measured via an established iodometric titration method and were calculated according to eq …”

Construction of silicone with quaternized hydantoin‐based N‐chloramines on cotton with aid of supercritical interpenetration for antibacterial synergism

“…Infection and contamination caused by bacteria and other pathogens constitute a great threat to public health all the time. 1,2 Fighting against microbial damages has therefore run through human history. 3,4 One of the most effective ways to prevent the growth and propagation of harmful microorganisms is sterilization by using powerful antibacterial agents to modify substrates.…”

“…26,[30][31][32][33] The combination of quaternary ammonium salt and N-halamine still requires further study due to two main reasons. (1) In some reported cases, not every combined unit has the intended quaternary ammonium salt due to the incomplete conversion of quaternization and thereby the wanted synergism. Adjustment of synthesis route to ensure each combination has quaternary ammonium salt is then expected to be a solution for better antibacterial performance.…”