2020
DOI: 10.1007/s11051-020-05068-2
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Controlled synthesis of gadolinium fluoride upconversion nanoparticles capped with oleic acid or polyethylene glycol molecules via one-step hydrothermal method and their toxicity to cancer cells

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Cited by 12 publications
(8 citation statements)
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“…27‐0699) 27 . The diffraction peaks at 2θ = 16.3°, 29.7°, 30.2°, 39.1°, 42.9°, and 52.9° can be attributed to the (100), (110), (101), (111), (201), and (102) crystal planes, respectively 28 . Regarding UCZ, six distinctive diffraction peaks can be observed at 10.4°, 12.7°, 16.9°, 18.0°, 24.5°, and 26.7°, corresponding to the (002), (112), (022), (013), (222), and (224) crystallographic planes of ZIF‐8, respectively 29,30 .…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 98%
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“…27‐0699) 27 . The diffraction peaks at 2θ = 16.3°, 29.7°, 30.2°, 39.1°, 42.9°, and 52.9° can be attributed to the (100), (110), (101), (111), (201), and (102) crystal planes, respectively 28 . Regarding UCZ, six distinctive diffraction peaks can be observed at 10.4°, 12.7°, 16.9°, 18.0°, 24.5°, and 26.7°, corresponding to the (002), (112), (022), (013), (222), and (224) crystallographic planes of ZIF‐8, respectively 29,30 .…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 98%
“…30.2 , 39.1 , 42.9 , and 52.9 can be attributed to the (100), ( 110), ( 101), ( 111), (201), and (102) crystal planes, respectively. 28 Regarding UCZ, six distinctive diffraction peaks can be observed at 10.4 , 12.7 , 16.9 , 18.0 , 24.5 , and 26.7 , corresponding to the (002), ( 112), (022), ( 013), (222), and (224) crystallographic planes of ZIF-8, respectively. 29,30 The presence of the diffraction peaks from UCNPs and UCZ in the UCZM sample confirms the successful complexation of ZIF-8 with UCNPs.…”
Section: Crystal Structurementioning
confidence: 99%
“…The band at 610 cm −1 can be attributed to fluoride lattice, confirming the formation of the fluoride nanocrystals. For PEG-capped nanoparticles, the peaks at around 1638 cm −1 , 1439 cm −1 , and 1084 cm −1 are assigned to the methylene scissoring and C-O-C stretching vibrations of PEG [23]. The appearance of these characteristic peaks of PEG demonstrates that PEG was successfully conjugated on the surface of the nanoparticles.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 98%
“…Gadolinium trifluoride (GdF 3 ) nanoparticles are excellent host materials and characterized by effective luminescence, high transparency, low phonon energy of ~4.19 kJ/mol, and high chemical and thermal stability [19][20][21][22][23]. The Gd 3+ ions can act as intermediates, allowing energy to migrate over the Gd 3+ sublattice and consequently facilitating the energy transfer to luminescent centers.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Cytotoxicity was observed at UCNP concentrations above 25 μg/mL for which several possible causes have been identified in previous research. For example, Hong et al reported that oleic acid-modified UCNPs are cytotoxic . Aqueous dispersions of UCNPs have been reported to possibly release fluoride and/or lanthanide ions, , the former of which Chang et al reported to be cytotoxic .…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%