Controlled volumetric heating of subcutaneous adipose tissue using a novel radiofrequency technology

Franco, Walfre; Kothare, Amogh; Goldberg, David J.

doi:10.1002/lsm.20876

Cited by 29 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…RF technology is used in the medical field to generate heat in targeted tissue. 6 Heat is generated when the RF energy emitted to tissue, and the impedance of the targeted tissue converts the energy to heat. 7 Skin, subcutaneous fat, and muscles are dielectric substances.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Contactless Apoptosis-Inducing RF on Temperature of Human Skin Surface and Subcutaneous Layer as well as Porcine Histology: A Pilot Study

Goo¹,

Kim²

2016

Medical Lasers

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Background and ObjectivesRadiofrequency (RF) technology has been developed as a noninvasive method to reduce subcutaneous abdominal fat. The aim of this study was to measure the changes of human skin surface temperature and human subcutaneous fat layer temperature, as well as to evaluate the histologic change in porcine adipocytes during and after treatment with contactless apoptosis-inducing RF device. Materials and MethodsA single pig was treated with RF device for 30 minutes at maximum power of 200 Watts. The skin was biopsied and evaluated immediately after the therapy. A female human volunteer was also treated with RF device for 45 minutes. The temperatures of the skin surface and subcutaneous fat layer were measured during the therapy. ResultsSkin biopsy specimens from the pig revealed changes in the adipocyte shape and size. Many of the adipocytes had shrunken, with a few showing consensed chromatin and fragmented nuclei, reflecting signs of adipocyte apoptosis. In the human volunteer, subcutaneous fat layer maintained a temperature of [43][44][45] o C, while the skin surface temperature did not reach 43 o C during the treatment. ConclusionThe contactless selective RF device achieved the ideal temperature for fat reduction in subcutaneous fat layer during the treatment, while maintaining skin surface temperate below the threshold of heat-induced pain for humans. Apoptosis of subcutaneous adipocytes was confirmed in porcine skin. Further clinical trials are necessary to evaluate the efficacy and safety. Key words

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Contactless Apoptosis-Inducing RF on Temperature of Human Skin Surface and Subcutaneous Layer as well as Porcine Histology: A Pilot Study

Goo¹,

Kim²

2016

Medical Lasers

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“…A RF funciona a partir de dois principais mecanismos de ação, vasodilatação e aquecimento tecidual, que atuam através de um campo elétrico oscilante que gera calor através de colisão de moléculas de água (FRANCO, KOTHARE, GOLDBERG, 2009). O campo elétrico se desenvolve e é direcionado de forma perpendicular para a interface subcutânea da pele, atingindo o tecido adiposo atuando de forma seletiva, evoluindo para um alto nível elétrico de impedância e condutividade em relação à derme gerando ruptura de adipócitos produzindo Edição eletrônica em http://idonline.emnuvens.com.br/id uma queima de gordura localizada (FRANCO et al, 2010;FELIPE, REDONDO, 2007;KAPLAN, GAT, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Qualidade de vida e percepção corporal com o tratamento de radiofrequência na adiposidade abdominal

et al. 2017

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Resumo: Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar a influência da percepção corporal na qualidade de vida de mulheres submetidas ao tratamento com a radiofrequência na adiposidade abdominal. Trata-se de um estudo experimental de delineamento transversal, analítico com abordagem quantitativa, realizado em onze mulheres de 18 a 25 anos com queixa de adiposidade abdominal, em um núcleo de práticas em fisioterapia de uma intuição privada na cidade de Vitória da Conquista/Bahia. Foram aplicados um questionário sociodemográfico, o questionário de qualidade de vida Whoqol-Bref e a Escala de Silhuetas, além da avaliação da adipometria e perimetria abdominal antes e após o tratamento com a radiofrequência. Todas as participantes receberam o tratamento por meio da radiofrequência, em região abdominal, a uma temperatura de 36ºa 38ºC, por um período de dois meses, totalizando dez sessões. Após as 10 sessões, foi possível constatar que a radiofrequência foi eficaz no tratamento da adiposidade abdominal, reduzindo a adipometria e perimetria abdominal, e promove uma melhora da qualidade de vida e percepção corporal.Palavras-chave: Imagem Corporal. Percepção. Qualidade de Vida. Radiofrequência. Quality of life and body perception with radiofrequency treatment in abdominal adiposityAbstract: This study aims to analyze the influence of body perception on the quality of life of women submitted to treatment with radiofrequency in abdominal adiposity. This is an experimental, cross-sectional, analytical study with a quantitative approach, performed in eleven women aged 18 to 25 years with abdominal adiposity complaint, in a nucleus of physiotherapy practices of a private intuition in the city of Vitória da Conquista / Bahia . A sociodemographic questionnaire was used, the Whoqol-Bref quality of life questionnaire and the Silhouettes Scale, as well as the evaluation of adipometry and abdominal perimetry before and after treatment with radiofrequency. All participants were treated by radiofrequency, in the abdominal region, at a temperature of 36º to 38ºC, for a period of two months, totaling ten sessions. After 10 sessions, it was possible to verify that radiofrequency was effective in the treatment of abdominal adiposity, reducing adipometry and abdominal perimetry, and promoting an improvement in the quality of life and body perception.

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“…However, the approximation takes into consideration radiofrequencies for which the skin is predominantly electrically conductive. 2,3 Hence, the conductive currents in single skin layers must be much larger than the corresponding displacement currents, i.e. σ ( f ) >> 2π f ε 0 ε ( f ); where f is the current frequency, σ ( f ) is the electrical conductivity at frequency f , ε 0 is the free space permittivity, and ε ( f ) is the relative permittivity of the tissue at frequency f .…”

Section: Basic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 This idea is based on the boundary condition for the normal component of the RF current at the dermis/sWAT interface. According to this condition, the normal component of electric field produced by RF electrodes at the dermis/sWAT interface must be…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their main effect is believed to be connected with Joule heating of different target tissues. [1][2][3] To receive an appropriate temperature increase in a target tissue, the local current density at the point of interest must be sufficiently high. Electrically layered skin structure can however significantly influence the current distribution through the skin depth and thus dramatically modify the treatment results with RF current making them not only dependent on the electrical characteristics of adjacent skin layers, but also on the thicknesses of these layers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of layered skin structure on the distribution of radiofrequency currents in dermis and subcutaneous fat

Kruglikov¹

2015

AIP Advances

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The layered structure of skin with multiple interfaces separating the skin layers having very different electrical characteristics significantly modifies the spatial distribution of radiofrequency (RF) current in the skin compared to that in a homogeneous medium. In this study we present the analytical solutions of Laplace's equation describing the current densities for a two-layer skin model with homogeneous single layers for the monopolar and bipolar configurations of RF electrodes. Then we analyze analytically and numerically the optimal distances between the RF electrodes providing the maximal current concentration in a given depth or in a given depths' interval under the skin surface. It is demonstrated that two main parameters which significantly define the optimization condition are the thickness of the dermis and the reflection coefficient of the current at the dermis/subcutis interface. According to this model, under physiological conditions, the surface under RF electrode collecting 50% of the current entering subcutis is 184 times larger than in homogeneous medium. Such redistribution of RF current will significantly reduce the local density of the current entering the fat tissue reducing the effect of its selective heating. C 2015 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license

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Controlled volumetric heating of subcutaneous adipose tissue using a novel radiofrequency technology

Cited by 29 publications

References 1 publication

Impact of Contactless Apoptosis-Inducing RF on Temperature of Human Skin Surface and Subcutaneous Layer as well as Porcine Histology: A Pilot Study

Impact of Contactless Apoptosis-Inducing RF on Temperature of Human Skin Surface and Subcutaneous Layer as well as Porcine Histology: A Pilot Study

Qualidade de vida e percepção corporal com o tratamento de radiofrequência na adiposidade abdominal

Influence of layered skin structure on the distribution of radiofrequency currents in dermis and subcutaneous fat

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